Journal of the New York Botanical Garden

              Vol. II APRIL, 1901 No. 16
JOURNAL
OF
The New York Botanical Garden
EDITOR
DANIEL TREMBLY MACDOUGAL
Director of the Laboratories
CONTENTS
FAGS
Daffodils and Peonies 49
The Allen Collection of Characeae 5*
Measurement of Growth 54
Notes, News and Comment 56
Analysis of Coconut 55
Annual Meeting of Horticultural Society of New York at the Garden, May 8th . . 56
Accessions 57
PUBLISHED FOR THE GARDEN
AT 41 NORTH QUEEN STREET, LANCASTER, PA.
BT THE NEW ERA PRINTINO COMPAHT
OF- F- IOBRS. 1801.
PRESIDENT— D. O. MILLS,
VICE- PRESIDENT— ANDREW CARNEGIE,
TREASURER— CHARLES F. COX,
SECRETARY— N. L. BRITTON.
B O A R D OF- M A N A G E R S .
1. KLECTKI) MANAGERS.
ANDREW CARNEGIE, J. PIERPONT MORGAN,
CHARLES F. COX, GEORGE W. PERKINS,
W. BAYARD CUTTING, JAMES A. SCRYMSER,
WILLIAM E. DODGE, SAMUEL SLOAN,
JOHN I. KANE, W. GILMAN THOMPSON,
D. O. MILLS, SAMUEL THORNE.
2. EX- OFFICIO MANAGERS.
T H E PRESIDENT OF THE DEPARTMENT OF PUBLIC PARKS,
HON. GEO. C. CLAUSEN
T H E MAYOR OF THE CITY OF NEW YORK,
HON. R. A. VAN WYCK.
3. S C I E N T I F I C DIRECTORS.
HON. SETH LOW, CHAIRMAN.
HON. ADDISON BROWN, HON. MILES O'BRIEN,
PROF. C. F. CHANDLER, PROF. H. H. RUSBY,
PROF. J. F. KEMP, PROF. L. M. UNDERWOOD.
G A R D E N S T A F F .
DR. N. L. BRITTON, Director- in- Chief.
DR, D. T. MACDOUGAL, First Assistant.
DR. JOHN K. SMALL, Curator of the Museums.
DR. P. A. RYDBERG, Assistant Curator.
GEORGE V. NASH, Head Gardener.
ANNA MURRAY VAIL, Librarian.
DR. H. H. RUSBY, Curator of the Economic Collections.
COL. F. A. SCHILLING, Superintendent.
JOHN R. BRINLEY, Landscape Engineer.
WALTER S. GROESBECK, Clerk and Accountant.
CORNELIUS VAN BRUNT, Honorary Floral Photographer.
JOURNAL
OF
The New York Botanical Garden
VOL. II. April, 1901. No. 16.
DAFFODILS AND PEONIES.
During the summer of 1898 we were favored with a visit from
Mr. Peter Barr, of London, who is so well known in the world
of horticulture. Upon his return home he generously pre­sented
to the Garden two fine collections, one of daffodils, includ­ing
about fifty- two kinds, the other of peonies, embracing an
equally varied assortment of about forty- nine forms. These
have been in the east nursery since their arrival, and have become
well established; they may now be removed to a permanent
position in the grounds. When it is known that Mr. Barr has
spent many years in perfecting his collections of these two
flowers, the value of his gift will be fully appreciated. Many
species and garden hybrids are represented, a number of the
latter, excepting through this source, being difficult of ac­quisition.
The daffodils begin to flower the last part of April, and con­tinue
for about three weeks. Their variety of color and
diversity of form well repay many a visit. Truly it is no wonder
that the merits of this flower are so widely appreciated, and an
inspection of this collection can but heighten this regard. One
of its charms is its early period of flowering, taking advantage
of the first warm days to spring into activity, blooming at a time
when nature is but half awake, and claiming nearly the whole
field for itself, though fully able to hold its own against all com­petitors.
49
50
So large a collection offers ample opportunity for a com­parative
study, and the diversity of form and color is surprising.
Although confined primarily to two colors, white and yellow,
with an occasional touch of red or brown enhancing the effect,
the combinations produced are numerous. The crown, which
gives character and individual peculiarity to the flower, presents
many forms ; in some, notably in those of the poeticus type, it is
reduced to a shallow saucer- shaped ring much shorter than the
perianth ; in the representatives of the incomparabilis group it is
a cup- shaped affair about one- 4ialf as long as the perianth, while
in Narcissus bicolor and its variations the crown is much elon­gated,
exceeding the perianth, bell- shaped, and often fluted. In
addition to these three pronounced types, and connecting them,
are forms with the crown intermediate in length. Interesting as
it might be to enumerate and describe these, it is hardly possible
here. Only a few of the more noteworthy forms can be touched
upon, and even then the selection must appear but an arbitrary
one, so many are the desirable sorts.
For purity and brightness, Narcissus poeticus and its relatives
take a prominent place, the rich yellow crown with its narrow
border of red forming a pleasing contrast to the pure white
perianth. In the incomparabilis type, " Frank Miles " with its
large flowers, often three inches in diameter, and the narrow
pointed segments of its yellow perianth, is one of the most
charming; in " King of the Netherlands" the divisions of the
perianth are broad and of a sulphur yellow ; while in " Auto­crat"
the color is a little deeper, especially toward the narrowed
base and on the margins of the segments. In all these the crown
is of deep yellow.
As representing the extreme length of crown, Narcissus bicolor
and its numerous varieties may be taken as typical. Of these the
varieties Horsfieldii and grandis may be taken as representative,
both having white perianths and the crown a rich yellow, the
latter variety being distinguished by its larger crown, or trumpet,
as it is sometimes called in this type.
Turning now to the equally valuable collection of peonies, we
again find an array of beautiful flowers, but their beauty is of a
51
different order. While in the daffodils it was the charm of grace
and purity which called forth our admiration, here our interest and
delight are excited by other qualities. They impress one with
the evident intention of commanding respect and demanding ap­probation.
The collection embraces many forms, varying in
shade and color and in the size and shape of the leaf- segments,
ranging from the simplicity of the single flower, with its added
charm of the yellow anthers to the gorgeousness of the fully
double sorts. Prominent among the double forms may be men­tioned
several varieties of P. officinalis; rubra with its deep red
petals and rosea with the petals a deep pink, while in anemoniflora
rosea the flowers are a red- purple. P. tenuifolia, with its red
flowers and finely dissected leaves, unusual among these plants,
is worthy of remark. In " Northern Glory," a well- marked
variety of P. arictina, we have one of the earliest bloomers ; its
flowers are red and the leaf- segments much paler beneath.
Among the single- flowered peonies, or those in which the flow­ers
are but little doubled, the most striking and effective, indeed
the most beautiful of those which flowered last year, either single
or double, was " Otto Froebel," also a variety of P. officinalis.
The golden- yellow anthers, which fill its center, add a wonder­ful
charm to the bright red petals, a touch of lightness and
beauty unknown in the double sorts. The leaves are shining
and of a clear dark green, giving the whole plant a clean and
well- kept appearance, which, with its very attractive flower,
makes the plant an especially beautiful one. So marked was its
beauty that it at once attracted attention among all its showy
neighbors. Anemoniflora rubra, another form of the same type,
in which the stamens were partly changed into petals, well ex­emplifying
the transition from single to double, held a prominent
place, second to that of " Otto Froebel," its flowers being a deep
red- purple.
While some forms attract attention by their flowers, others are
remarkable for foliage, and perhaps the most noteworthy of these
is P. coriacea, with its thick leaves, from which quality it derives
its name, and the whitish bloom which covers the whole plant,
giving it a gray- green appearance ; the unusual egg- shaped leaf-
52
segments, with their rounded or truncate bases, add an inter­esting
feature. In P. arietina Andersoni the leaves are also
covered with a bloom, but the segments are pointed at both ends
and pubescent on the lower surface. In " Peter Barr," which
bears the name of that distinguished lover of plants, the leaf- seg­ments
are linear, unusual among these species ; this is a form of
P. anomala insignis.
These two collections, which form an interesting and valuable
addition to the collections of herbaceous perennials, are well worth
seeing, and will amply repay any flower lover who visits them.
The daffodils put forth their delicate flowers late in April and the
first part of May, while the sturdy peonies burst into bloom as
the daffodils wane, continuing their gorgeous show of leaf and
blossom well toward the month of roses.
GEORGE V. NASH.
THE ALLEN COLLECTION OF CHARACEAE.
One of the most notable recent accessions to the herbarium of
the Garden is the collection of Characeae ( brittleworts or stone-worts)
donated last February by Dr. Timothy P'ield Allen, who
for many years has been the leading American student of this
group of plants. This collection undoubtedly ranks among the
three or four largest of its kind in the world. The number of
sheets of specimens may be roughly estimated at 8,000, some of
which however, are duplicates. Apart from its size and repre­sentative
character, the collection is of special value by reason of
containing the original materials from which Dr. Allen has de­scribed
numerous new species and varieties.
Dr. Allen began his study of the Characeae about the year
i860, sending his earlier collections to the great master, Alexan­der
Braun, of Berlin. After the death of Braun in 1877, Dr.
Allen continued in correspondence with Dr. Nordstedt, of Lund,
who edited the manuscripts on the Characeae left by Braun, and
was the natural successor to Braun's work. Many letters from
Nordstedt are to be found scattered through the Allen herbarium
and library. Though a physician with a large practice, Dean of
53
the New York Homoeopathic Medical College and Hospital, Presi­dent
of the American Institute of Homoeopathy, author of a
voluminous encyclopedia on materia medica, and otherwise a busy
man, Dr. Allen has found time to give considerable personal at­tention
to the collection of the Characeae which he has studied,
figured, and described. His personal collections have been made
chiefly in the eastern United States, though he has also under­taken
journeys to California, South Dakota, Lake St. Clair, and
other more distant points for the purpose of gathering these
plants and observing them in the living condition. And for the
past twenty five years, practically all American collectors who
have given any attention to the Characeae have sent their findings
to him for determination. A large series of Mexican forms, mostly
insufficient number for distribution in exsiccatae . have been com­municated
by Mr. C. G. Pringle. Among the more active
American collectors in recent years have been Dr. J. W. Blank-inship
in California and Montana and Professor DeAlton Saun­ders
in South Dakota. In order to stimulate the exploration of
regions the Characeae of which were little known, Dr. Allen has
on several occasions assumed the attendant expenses. The rare
and beautiful plants on which his papers on Japanese Characeae
and his Characeae Japonicae Exsiccatae have been based were
collected by Kenzo Saito, a Japanese whom he employed for the
purpose. These mostly came from Kyoto and vicinity, but
seven or eight other quite widely separated localities on the
" mainland," the Island of Nippon, are represented.
The Allen collection contains the principal European exsic­catae,
such as " Die Characeen Europas " of Braun, Rabenhorst,
and Stizenberger, " Characeae Scandinaviae Exsiccatae " of Nord­stedt
and Wahlstedt, " Characeae Exsiccatae " of Migula, Sydow,
and Wahlstedt, and " Characeae Britannicae Exsiccatae " of H. &
J* Groves.
The collection is accompanied by about 2,000 microscopical
preparations mounted on glass sides and arranged in wooden
slide boxes of the ordinary type. That part of Dr. Allen's library
relating to the Characeae has been deposited with the Garden
- and a table in one of the laboratories has been set aside for his
54
use. It is much to be regretted that the condition of Dr. Allen's
health has interfered considerably with his studies of late, but it
is hoped that his strength will permit him to round out the work
which he has already advanced so far in the direction of com­pleteness.
MARSHALL A. HOWE.
MEASUREMENT OF GROWTH.
The growth of a stem or leaf, as indicated by its elongation,
may often amount to as much as 8 to 12 inches in the course of
a single day during its greatest activity, and may be easily
measured by ordinary methods. It is well known however,
that the rate of . increase is not the same in young and old stems
and leaves, and that growth is more rapid at some parts of the
day than others. The detection of these differences, as well as of
the increase of slowly growing organs, and the influence of tem­perature
and other factors upon the process may be accomplished
only by some apparatus, which will keep a continuous record of
the amount of growth for several days at a time.
The best method of determination of the rate of growth of a
stem consists in the attachment of the short arm of a thin lever
to the tip of the stem to be tested, by means of a thread, and
allow the other end of the lever carrying a pen to trace a line on
a cylinder kept in motion by clockwork. The two arms of the
lever bear such proportion that the movement of the tip of the
stem is multiplied six or eight times in the tracing.
The growth of a young leaf of a hyacinth and other plants
often does not exceed a twenty- fifth of an inch daily, and ap­paratus
of greater delicacy is needed to follow the course of
growth in such organs. For work of this character the author
has recently designed a precision auxanometer ( see Fig. 3.) This
instrument consists of a compound lever suitably supported by
pinwheel bearings. The long arm of an aluminum lever carries
a pen that makes a tracing on sheets of ruled paper carried by a
revolving cylinder. The short arm of this lever is attached to
the short arm of another lever, the free end of which may be
55
attached to the tip of a leaf by means of a small cord and a
spring clamp. The two levers are so arranged that the elonga­tion
of the stem or leaf is followed by movement, about forty- five
times as great, of the pen. During the time in which rapid
FlG. 3. Precision auxanometer for measuring and recording growth of plants :
attached to a leaf of Hyacinthus Belgicus. ( From MacDougal's Practical Plant
Physiology. By permission of Longmans, Green & Co.)
growth is taking place the pen moves slowly upward on the paper,
making a slanting line because the paper is moving; when
growth ceases the pen makes a straight horizontal line. It is
comparatively easy to expose a plant to the action of cold and
other conditions, and observe its direct effect upon the rate of
growth in connection with the use of such an apparatus.
The amount of growth may now be measured on the tracing
and transferred to a sheet of double- ruled paper, in such manner
that a curve showing the relative amounts of growth during
various parts of the day and under various conditions may be
made.
D. T. MACDOUGAL.
56
ANALYSIS OF COCONUT.
" The New York Botanical. Garden is doing a great deal of
useful research work in the well- equipped laboratories. Messrs.
J. E. Kirkwood and W. J. Gies have been investigating the com­position
of the endosperm and milk of the coconut, and have
lately presented the results of their quantitative analyses.
" The following figures represent the average general composi­tion
of the endosperm : Water, 46 per cent. ; solids, 54 per
cent. Of the latter 98.1 per cent, is organic and 1.9 per cent.
inorganic; 43.4 per cent, is fat and 21.9 per cent, ' crude fiber.'
The fresh endosperm contains 0.75 per cent, of nitrogen, which
is equivalent to about 4.7 per cent, of ' albuminoid.' It is prob­able,
however, that much of the nitrogen found exists in the
form of ' extractives.' General analysis of the milk gave the
following average data: Water, 95.3 per cent. ; solids, 4.7 per
cent. Of the latter 88.5 per cent, is organic; 11.5 per cent, in­organic.
Three dozen determinations of gross relationships gave
the following average weights and percentages :
Weight of whole nut, 6lo grams.
Integument, 170 grams, 27.9 per cent.
Endosperm, 333 grams, 54.5 per cent.
Milk, 107 grams, 17.6 per cent.
The volume of the milk averaged 105 cc."— Bulletin of the
Botanical Department of Jamaica for March, ipoi.
PROGRAMME FOR THE ANNUAL MEETING OF
THE HORTICULTURAL SOCIETY OF
NEW YORK.
NEW YORK BOTANICAL GARDEN, WEDNESDAY, MAY 8, 1901.
Members and their friends leaving Grand Central Station,
Harlem Division, by the 1.35 P. M. train for Bronx Park Station,
will be met at Bronx Park Station by Dr. N. L. Britton, Director-in-
chief of the Garden and escorted to the conservatories.
57
Members and their friends leaving Grand Central Station by
the 2.15 P. M. train will be met at Bronx Park Station by Dr.
D. T. MacDougal, First Assistant, New York Botanical Garden,
and escorted to the conservatories.
Leaving the conservatories at 3.15 the party will walk through
the grounds to the Museum Building escorted by Mr. Geo. V.
Nash, Head Gardener ; the formal meeting will commence in the
Lecture Hall of the Museum Building at 4 o'clock and will be
followed by a lecture in the same hall by Mr. Cornelius Van
Brunt, Honorary Floral Photographer of the Garden on " Some
cultivated plants and their Flowers," illustrated by colored lan­tern
slides. Members and their friends leaving Grand Central
Station by the 3.10 P. M. train will arrive at Bronx Park Station
in time for the formal meeting.
The Council of the Society will meet in the Director's Office,
Museum Building, at 3 o'clock.
The Museums, Library, Herbarium and Laboratories in the
Museum Building will be open for inspection until 6.30 o'clock.
Trains leave Bronx Park Station for Grand Central Station at
5.08, 5.38, 6.08 and 6.28. The excursion fare is 25 cents.
An Exhibition will he held in connection with the meeting, in
the hall of the Museum Building immediately adjoining the Lec­ture
Hall ; this Exhibition will be open from one o'clock until
half past six on Wednesday, May 8th, and from 10 o'clock until
five on Thursday, May 9th.
The following prizes for exhibits, open to all competitors, are
offered by the New York Botanical Garden, to be awarded by the
Council of the Horticultural Society.
SCHEDULE OF PRIZES. MAY 8TH AND 9 ™ .
CUT SPECIMENS. Prize.
Class. 1st. 2d.
1 Collection of flowering shrubs and trees $ 15 gio
2 Display of Daffodils and Narcissi 10 5
3 Collection of bulbous plants 15 10
4 Collection of wild flowers, named 25 ro
5 Collection of Alpine and Rockery species ( plants or
flowers or both) 10 5
58
PLANTS.
6 Named collection of species and varieties of any one
genus of Ferns # 20 gio
7 Group of Crotons ( Codiaeum) 25 15
8 Group of Palms and other foliage plants 50 25
9 Group of foliage and flowering plants 50 25
10 Six Cinerarias 10 5
TI Six Orchids, distinct 30 15
12 Six Cattleyas 15 I0
13 Six Cypripediums 10 5
14 Six Hydrangeas 10 5
NOVELTY.
15 For the Best Horticultural Novelty in plant, fruit,
flower or vegetable. ( That is anything distinct and
not previously in general cultivation in America.) 50
The following prizes, open to all competitors, are offered by
the Horticultural Society of New York :
Prize.
16 Collection of conifers in pots, tubs, or bales $$ 0
17 Collection of Rhododendrons and Azaleas in pots, tubs,
or bales 50
18 Collection of succulent plants 4°
19 Collection of Aroids 15
20 Collection of Bromeliads 15
21 Collection of Nepenthes 15
22 Collection of strawberries, not less than six varieties, not
less than two quarts of each 25
23 Collection of fresh vegetables 25
All members of the New York Botanical Garden and their
friends are hereby cordially invited to attend this meeting.
Invitations are also hereby cordially extended to the members
of the New York Florists' Club, the New York Gardeners' So­ciety,
the Horticultural Section of the American Institute, the
American Rose Society and the Torrey Botanical Club.
Plants and flowers for exhibition should be sent by express,
prepaid, addressed Horticultural Society, Museum Building, New
York Botanical Garden, Bronx Park, N. Y. City.
For particulars address, L, Barron, Secretary, 136 Liberty St., N. Y. City.
59
NOTES, NEWS, AND COMMENT.
Dr. C. F. Millspaugh, Curator in Botany of the Field Colum­bian
Museum, Chicago, consulted the library and herbarium
during the second week in March for the purpose of working
out some difficult problems in his recent West Indian collec­tions.
The first meeting each month, of the Torrey Botanical Club,
is now held in the Museum of the Garden.
Wellesley College is in receipt of a gift of $ 25,000 from H.
H. Hunnewell the income from which is to be devoted to the
uses of the department of botany.
The Woods Holl Marine Biological Laboratory begins its
summer sessions July 3d and continues until August 14th.
Courses in Cryptogamic Botany by Drs. Davis and Moore,
Phanerogamic Botany by Dr. Chas. R. Shaw, Plant Physiology
by Dr. R. H. True, and Cytology by Dr. Davis and Mr. Lawson
are announced.
The Biological Laboratory of the Brooklyn Institute at Cold
Spring Harbor will be open July and August. Courses in
Cryptogamic botany, Ecology, Bacteriology, and Nature Study
are offered.
The first lecture of the spring course, on " Movements of Sap "
was given April 6th. Other lectures to follow immediately are :
" Some of Our Trees, Their Flowers and Fruit," by Mr. Cornelius
Van Brunt, April 13th; " Progress and Development of the
Garden," by Dr. N. L. Britton, April 20th : " The Dawn of
Modern Types," by Dr. Arthur Hollick, April 27th ; " The Pea­nut
and its Uses," by Dr. H. H. Rusby, May 4th, and " The
Flowers and Scenery of the Higher Catskills," by Mr. Cornelius
Van Brunt, May 11th.
The Department of Drugs of the Economic Museum has
been greatly improved through the courtesy of Messrs. Parke,
Davis & Company, in replacing more than 100 imperfectly rep­resented
articles by large and typical specimens. The collection
of gums has thus been rendered especially attractive.
A handsome series of specimens illustrating the tea plant,
60
several of them very expensive, has been received through the
courtesy of Messrs. Smith, . Baker & Company, of New York,
who instructed their special agent to secure them upon a recent
visit to the East Indies.
The Clark Thread Company, of Newark, New Jersey, has taken
great pains in preparing a comprehensive series of exhibits rep­resenting
the making of spool thread. The collection illustrates
every step in the process, from the breaking of the bales to the
final winding of the spools. The specimens are upon a most
liberal scale and will enable us to show to a great extent the
processes as well as the products.
Messrs. Travers Brothers & Company, of New York, have
contributed a complete series of ropes and twines, with the ma­terials
from which they are made, so shown as to illustrate the
several stages of manufacture. The products range from the
most slender pack- thread to a 7- inch drilling cable.
The total amount of precipitation in the Garden during March
was 6.89 inches, of which 3.5 inches fell in 22 hours ending at
2 P. M. on the n t h . The total rainfall for the year ending
April 1st, during which the meteorological instruments have
been installed amounts to 42.98 inches.
Maximum temperatures during March, 1901, of 51 on the 2d,
46.5 on the 5th, 53 on the 14th, 56 on the 21st, and 54.5 on
the 27th were recorded. Minima of 11.5 on the 1st, 9 on the
6th, 10.5 on the 7th, 20 on the 10th, 22.5 on the 23d, 24 on
the 31st.
Draba verna was in flower on the 15th, and Acer saccharinum
on the 26th.
ACCESSIONS.
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duo. Bologna, 1668.
AMERICAN ASSOCIATION FOR T H E ADVANCEMENT OF SCIENCE. Proceedings,
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AMERICAN ASSOCIATION FOR T H E ADVANCEMENT OF SCIENCE. Proceedings of
the Forty- ninth Meeting held at New York, June, iqoo. ( Given by Dr. N. L.
Britton.)
61
ANONYMOUS. Histoire des Plantes de F Europe et des plus usities qui viennent
d'Asie, d' Afrique, et de V Amirique. Lyon, 1671. 2 vols.
ANONYMOUS. Histoire des Tulipes. Paris, no date.
BAILEY, L.' H . Principles of Vegetable Gardening. New York, 1901.
BAILY, C. Manuel complet et thhrique du Jardinier. Paris, 1827. 2 vols.
BARD, L. La Sphificiti Cellulaire ses Consiquences en Biologic Generate. Paris,
no date,
BERTHOLD, G. Untersuchungen liber die Verzweigung einiger Susswasseralgen.
Halle, 1878.
BlGELOW, JACOB. Florula Bostoniensis. A collection of the Plants of Boston
and its Environs. Boston, 1814. ( By exchange with Columbia University.)
BIOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF WASHINGTON. Proceedings. Washington, 1883- 92.
2 vols.
BONNIER, GASTON, AND LECLERC DU SABLON. Cours de Botanique. Vol. 1,
fasc. 1. Paris, 1901.
BUCHOZ, PlERRE JOSEPH. Collection Curieuse des Champigons faisant suite an
Jardin du Roi. Paris, 1792.
BUXBAUM, J. C. Plantarum minus cognitarum centuriae complectens plantas
circa Byzantium et in Oriente observatis ( 3 parts). Petropolis, 1828- 29. ( ty
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COHNH.^ IM, OTTO. Chemie der Eiweisskorper. Braunschweig, igoo.
COUTANCE, A. Histoire du Chine dans V Antiquite et dans la Nature. Paris
I873-
CourANCE, A. L' Olivier. Histoire, Botanique, Regions, Culture, etc. Paris,
1878.
CRANTZ, H. J. N. Classis Umbelliferarum. Leipzig, 1767.
CUSA, SALVATORE. La Palma nella Poesia, nella Scienza e nella Storia Siciliana
Palermo, 1873.
DUVILLERS, F. Les Pares et Jardins cries et executes par F. Duvillers. Paris.
1871.
ELLIS, JOHN. An Essay towards a Natural History of the Corallines and other
Marine Productions of the like kind, commonly found on the Coasts of Great Britain
and Ireland. London, 1755-
EVELYN, JOHN. Silva : or, a Discourse of Forest- Trees. York, 1776. ( Given
by Mr. William Benedict.)
FlSCHBACK, CARL VON. Lehrbuch der Forshoissenschaft fur Forstmanner und
Waldbe- itzer. Ed. 4. Berlin, 1886.
FISCHER, HUGO. Beitrage zur vergleichenden Morphologic der Pollenk'drner.
Breslau, 1890. ( Given by Dr. Timothy F . Allen.)
FRANCOIS DE NEUFCHATEAU, N. L. Leltre sur le Robinier connu sous le Norn
impropre de Faux Acacia. Paris, 1803.
FROMMANN, C. Untersuchungen uber Struktur, Lebenserscheinungen und Reok-tionen
thieriseher und pfianzlicher Zellen. Jena, 1884. ( By exchange with Colum­bia
University.)
FROST, WILLIAM DODGE. A Laboratory Guide in Elementary Bacteriology.
Madison, 1911. ( Given by Professor D. T. MacDougal. )
GAYFFIER, EUGENE DE. L'Herbier Forestier de la France. Paris, 1868- 73. 2
vols.
62
GOADBY, HENRY. A Textbook of Vegetable and Animal Physiology. New
York, 11858. ( By exchange with Columbia University.)
GOBI, C. Die Atgenflora des Weissen Meeres. St. Petersburg, 1878.
GREW, NEHEMIAH. The Anatomy of Plants with an idea of a Philosophical His­tory
of Plants and several other Lectures read before the Royal Society. London,
1682.
GRISEBACH, A. H. R. Grundriss der systematischen Botanik fur Akademische
Vorlesungen. Gottingen, 1854. ( By exchange with Columbia University.)
GRISEBACH, A. II. R.' Malpighiacearum Brasiliensium Centuriam. Halle,
1839.
HARVEY, WILLIAM HENRY. Manual of the British Al% ae. London, 1841.
HASSALL, H. H. Food and its Adulterations. London, 1855. ( By exchange
with Columbia University. >
HEDWIG, JOHANN. Theoria Generationis et Fructificationis Plantarum Crypto-gamicarum
Linnaei. Leipzig, 1798
HEHN, VICTOR. Kulturpfanzen und Hausthiere in ihrem Ubergang aus Asien
nach Greechenland und Italien sowi'e in das ubrige Europa. Ed. 2. Berlin, 1874.
l_ By exchange with Columbia University.)
LAFAR, FRANZ. Technical Mycology Translated by Charles T. C. Salter.
Vol. 1. London, 1898.
LEMAIRE, C. Plantes Bulbeuses ou Ognons a Fleurs. Paris, 1842.
L' ILLUSTRATION HORTICOLE. Gand, 1854- 1880. 27 vols.
LINNAEUS. Genera Plantarum. Ed. 8. Vienna, 1791. 2 vols. ( By ex­change
with Columbia University.)
LUBBOCK, SIR J. On British Wild Flowers considered in relation to Insects.
London, 189O. ( By exchange with Columbia University.)
MARSIGLI, LuiGI FERNANDO. Dissertatio degeneratione fungorum et Johannis
Mariae Lancissi response una cum dissertatione de Plinianae villae rudcribus atque
ostiensis litoHs incremento. Rome, 17* 4.
MARTENS, GEORGE VON. Reise nach Venedig. Ulm, 1824. 2 vols.
MAZE, P. Evolution du Can- one et de V Azote dans le Monde Vivant. Paris,
1899.
MINER, HARIET S. Orchids or the Royal Family of Plants. Boston, 1885.
Mission Scientifique au Cap Horn. Botanique. Paris, 1889.
MOBIUS, M. Australische Siisswasseralgen Part 2. Frankfurt a. M. 1894.
MOLISCH, HANS. Studien uber den Milchsaft und Schleimsaft der Pfianzen.
Jena, 1901.
MORREN, EDOUARD. Dissertation sur les Feuilles Vertes et Coloriics. Gand, 1858.
NAGELI & CRAMER. Pflanzenphysiologische Untersuchungen. Zurich, 1855- 57.
3 vols.
NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM. Fifty- second Annual Report. Albany, 1900. 2
vols. ( By exchange with N. Y. State Museum.)
PAUL, WILLIAM. Contributions to Horticultural Literature. London, 1892.
PERRY, M. C. Narrative of the Expedition of an American Squadron to the
China Seas and Japan under the Command of Commodore M. C. Perry. Compiled
by Francis L. Hawkes. Washington, 1856. 3 vols. ( Byexchange with Columbia
University.)
PONTOPPIDAN, ERIK. The Natural History of Norway. Translated. London,
x755' ( By exchange with Columbia University.)
63
POTTER, T. R. Tht History and Antiquities of Chamwood Forest; with an ap­pendix
on the Geology, Botany and Ornithology of the District. London, 1842.
( By exchange with Columbia University. )
PRITZEL, G. A. Anemonarum Revisio. Leipzig, 1842.
RAY, JOHN. Observations made in a journey through parts of the Low countries ;
with u catalogue of Plants not Native of England, found spontaneously growing
in those parts and their virtues. London, 1673.
REDOUTE, P. J. Le Cours de Fteurs du Jardin des Plantes. Paris, no date.
REINKE, J. Algenfora der Westlichen Oslsee, Deutschen Antheils. Berlin, 1889.
REPTON, HUMPHREY. The Landscape Gardening and Landscape Architecture,
of the late Humphrey Rcpton being his entire work on these subjects. Edited by
J. C. Loudon. London, 1840. ( By exchange with Columbia University.)
RICH, OLIVER O. Synopsis of the Genera of American Plants. Georgetown.
1814. ( By exchange with Columbia University.)
ROGET, PETER MARK. Animal and Vegetable Physiology considered - with
reference to Natural Thevlogy. Philadelphia, 1836. 2 vols. ( By exchange with
Columbia Univerity.)
ROGUES, JOSEPH. Plantes Uuelles, Indigines et Exotiques. Paris, 1807- 8.
2 vols.
RUPRECHT, F. J. Tange des Ochotskischen Meeres. St. Petersburg, 1851.
SCHEUCHZER, JOHANN. Agrostographia sive Graminum, funcorum, Cyperorum,
Cyperoiaum, Usque affnium Historia accesserunt Alberti V. Haller. Zurich, 1775.
SCHOTT, H. Genera Aroidearum. Vienna, 1858.
SECRETAN, L. Mycographie Suisse. Geneve, 1833. 3 vols.
SEGUIER, J. F. Bibliotheca botanica. The Hague, 1740. ( By exchange with
Columbia University.)
SIEBOI- D, P H . FRANZ VON Flora faponica. Leyden, 1834- 70. 2 vols.
SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION. Reports, 1835, 1858, 1861, 1862. ( By exchange
with Columbia University.)
TORREY, JOHN. Phdnerogamia of Pacific North America. Philadelphia, 1874.
( By exchange with Columbia University.)
WATERHOUSE, BENJAMIN. The Botanist, being the botanical part of a course of
Lectures on Natural History— with a Discourse on the Principle of Vitality. Boston
1811. ( By exchange with Columbia University.)
ZANARDINI, GIOVANNI. Synopsis Algarum in Mari Adriatico hucusque collect-arum
cut actedunt Monographia Siphonearum nee non generates de Algarum vita ft
itructura disquistiones cum fabulis auctores munu ad vivum depictis. Turin, 1841.
ZANONI, JACOB. Ratiorum Stirpium Historia. Bologna, 1742.
MUSEUMS AND HERBARIUM.
17 specimens of Uredineae co- types. ( By exchange with Dr. P. Sydow, Berlin,
Germany.)
196 ferns from Ecuador. ( Given by Rev. L. Sodiro, for the Columbia Herbarium. )
3 specimens of Syndesmon and Circaea from Ohio. ( Given by Mr. F. H. Burgle-haus.)
229 specimens from various countries. ( By exchange with the Royal Gardens,
Kew, England.)
64
200 specimens of plants from New South Wales. ( By exchange with the Botan-cal
Garden, Sidney.)
28 specimens of cereals for the economic museum. ( Given by Mr. Francis H.
Leggett & Co.)
I specimen of Theobroma Simarum from the U. S. of Colombia. ( Given by Mr.
Charles Patin.)
50 photographs of Canadian trees. ( By exchange with the Geological and
Natural History Museum, Ottawa, Canada.)
115 specimens from St. Catalina Island, California, collected by Mrs. Blanche
Task.
196 specimens from North Dakota, collected under the direction of the N. D.
Agricultural College.
96 plants from Jamaica, collected by Mr. W. N. Clute.
45 miscellaneous specimens from California. ( By exchange with Miss Alice East­wood
for the Columbia Herbarium.)
555 specimens collected in Florida by Prof. A. S. Hitchcock.
190 " Plantae Mexicanae" collected by Mr. C. G. Pringle.
33 miscellaneous specimens. ( Given by Prof. L. M. Underwood, for the Co­lumbia
Herbarium.)
II specimens of crude drugs. ( Given by Dr. H. H. Rusby.)
203 specimens from the Canadian Rocky Mountains. ( Given by Mr. and Mrs.
Cornelius Van Brunt.)
756 specimens from Wyoming. ( By exchange with Mr. Frank Tweedy.)
4 specimens of Senccio from Washington. ( Given by Prof. C. V. Piper.)
12 specimens of Plagiothecium and Brachythecium. ( By exchange with Mr.
H. M. Dixon.)
14 specimens of mosses from Arkansas, Washington and New Jersey. ( By ex­change
with Dr. J. Roll.)
20 New Brunswick mosses. ( By exchange with Mr. J. Moser.)
24 Colorado mosses, collected by Professors Tracy, Earle and Baker.
16 mosses from the Big Horn Mountains, Wyoming. ( By exchange with Mr. J.
G. Jack.)
27 lichens and mosses from Arkansas and Texas, collected by Mr. E. N. Plank.
25 North American " Musci Pleuricarpi." ( Given by Dr. A. J. Grout, for the
Columbia Herbarium.)
23 mosses from the Yosemite Valley. ( Given by Dr. M. A. Howe.)
9 museum specimens of tea, tea flowers and fruits. ( Given by Smith, Baker &
Company, New York.)
42 herbarium specimens from the Rocky Mountains of Colorado. ( Given by Mr.
Geo. E. Osterhout.)
27 herbarium specimens from Wyoming. ( Given by Professor Aven Nelson.)
128 Montana plants. ( By exchange with the National Herbarium.)
I New Mexican fern. ( Given by Professor F. S. Earle.)
flDembers ot tbc Corporation.
DR. TIMOTHY F. ALLEN,
PROF. N. L. BRITTON,
HON. ADDISON BROWN,
WM. L. BROWN,
ANDREW CARNEGIE,
PROF. CHAS. F. CHANDLER,
WM. G. CHOATE,
HON. EDWARD COOPER,
CHAS. F. COX,
JOHN J. CROOKE,
W. BAYARD CUTTING,
ROBERT W. DE FOREST,
WM. E. DODGE,
DR. WM. H. DRAPER,
PROF. SAM'L W. FAIRCHILD,
GEN. LOOTS FITZGERALD,
RICHARD W. GILDER,
HON. THOMAS F. GILROY,
PARKE GODWIN,
HON. HUGH J. GRANT,
HENRY P. HOYT,
ADRIAN ISELIN, JR. ,
MORRIS K. JESUP,
JOHN I. KANE,
EUGENE KELLY, JR.,
PROF. JAMES F. KEMP,
JOHN S. KENNEDY,
HON. SETH LOW,
DAVID LYDIG,
EDGAR L. MARSTON,
D. O. MILLS,
J. PIERPONT MORGAN,
THEO. W. MYERS,
HON. MILES O'BRIEN,
GEO. M. OLCOTT,
PROF. HENRY F. OSBORN,
GEORGE W. PERKINS,
JAMES R. PITCHER,
RT. REV. HENRY C. POTTER
PERCY R. PYNE,
JOHN D. ROCKEFELLER,
W M . ROCKEFELLER,
PROF. H. H. RUSBY,
WM. C. SCHERMERHORN,
JAMES A. SCRYMSER,
HENRY A. SIEBRECHT,
SAMUEL SLOAN,
WM. D. SLOANE,
NELSON SMITH,
DR. W. GILMAN THOMPSON,
LOUIS C. TIFFANY,
SAMUEL THORNE,
PROF. L. M. UNDERWOOD,
WILLIAM H. S. WOOD.
P U B L I C A T I O N S
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Journal of the New York Botanical Garden, monthly, illustrated, con­taining
notes, news and non- technical articles of general interest. Free to all mem­bers
of the Garden. Toothers, 10 cents a copy; # 1.00 a year. [ Not offered in
exchange.] Vol. I, 1900, viii - j- 213 pp., 5 plates, and 25 figures in text.
Bulletin of the New York Botanical Garden, containing the reports of
the Director- in- Chief and other official documents, and technical articles embodying
the results of investigations carried out in the Garden. Nos. 1- 5, 449 pp., 3 maps,
and 12 plates, 1896- 1900. Free to all members of the Garden. To others, 25 cents
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Memoirs of the New York Botanical Garden, Vol. 1. An Annotated Cat­alogue
of the Flora of Montana and the Yellowstone Park, by Dr. Per Axel Rydberg,
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Contributions from the New York Botanical Garden. A series of tech­nical
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