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Vol, V NOVEMBER, 1904 No. 59 JOURNAL The New York Botanical Garden EDITOR DANIEL TREMBLY MACDOUGAL Assistant Director CONTENTS PAGB Report on Exploration of the Bahamas 201 Notes, News and Comment 210 Accessions 2I1 PUBLISHED FOR THE GARDEN AT 41 NORTH QUREN STREET, LANCASTER, PA. BY THB NBW ERA PRINTING COMPANY O B - F I O E R S , 1Q04. PRESIDENT— D. 0. MILLS, VICE- PRESIDENT— ANDREW CARNEGIE, TREASURER— CHARLES F. COX, SECRETARY— N. L. BRITTON. B O A R D OK M A N A G E R S . 1. BXBCTED MANAGERS. ANDREW CARNEGIE, J. PIERPONT MORGAN, W. BAYARD CUTTING, GEORGE W. PERKINS, ROBERT W. DE FOREST, JAMES A. SCRYMSER, JOHN I. KANE, SAMUEL SLOAN, D. 0. MILLS, W. GILMAN THOMPSON, SAMUEL THORNE. 2. EX- OFFICIO MANAGERS. THE PRESIDENT OF THE DEPARTMENT OF PUBLIC PARKS, HON. JOHN J. PALLAS. THE MAYOR OF THE CITY OF NEW YORK, HON. GEORGE B. McCLELLAN. 3. SCIENTIFIC DIRECTORS PROF. L. M. UNDERWOOD, Chairman. HON. ADDISON BROWN, CHARLES F. COX, DR. NICHOLAS MURRAY BUTLER, PROF. J. F. KEMP, PROF. C. F. CHANDLER, PROF. FREDERIC S. LEE, PROF. H. H. RUSBY G A R D E N S T A F F , DR. N. L. BRITTON, Director- in- Chief. DR. D. T. MACDOUGAL, Assistant Director. DR. JOHN K. SMALL, Curator of the Museums. DR. P. A RYDBERG, Assistant Curator. DR. ARTHUR HOLLICK, Assistant Curator. DR. MARSHALL A. HOWE, Assistant Curator. DR. W. A. MURRILL, Assistant Curator. GEORGE V. NASH, Head Gardener. ANNA MURRAY VAIL, Librarian. DR. H. H. RUSBY, Curator of the Economic Collections. DR. WM. J. GIES, Consulting Chemist. COL. F. A. SCHILLING, Superintendent. JOHN R. BRINLEY, Landscape Engineer. WALTER S. GROESBECK, Clerk and Accountant. DR. JOHN HENDLEY BARNHART, Editorial Assistant. DR. JOHN A. SHAFER, Museum Custodian. JOURNAL OF The New York Botanical Garden VOL. V. November, 1904. No. 59. REPORT ON EXPLORATION OF THE BAHAMAS. ( Submitted October 12, 1904, and ordered printed.) To THE BOARD OF MANAGERS OF THE NEW YORK BOTANICAL GARDEN. Gentlemen : With the approval of Mr. D. O. Mills, President of the Garden, I conducted botanical exploration in the Bahama Islands during parts of August and September, 1904, in continuation of the work done in that archipelago last spring, as already reported by Dr. Marshall A. Howe and by me.* I was accompanied and assisted by Mrs. Britton, and by Mr. L. J. K. Brace, a resident botanist of Nassau, New Providence. In following up the recommendation made by me last spring, that we undertake a detailed botanical survey of the Bahamas, I decided to first examine the flora of New Providence, that being already the best known botanically of all the islands, and thus serving as the most satisfactory basis for subsequent work ; while its flora was thus relatively well known, many parts of its area had not been visited by botanists, and my expectation that a considerable number1 of rare or otherwise interesting species occurred there, though not reported, has been fulfilled by the results of my recent trip. The island of New Providence is about twenty one miles long and about seven miles in greatest width ; its longer axis lies * JOURNAL N . Y. BOT. GARD. 5 : 129- 136, 164- 166. 1904. 201 202 203 nearly east and west. Its surface is considerably diversified into plain, hill and marsh, and in the interior are several large brackish-water lakes not connected with the sea except by subterranean passages through the porous limestone of which the island is wholly composed, and which is made up of coral sand closely cemented; this limestone has been much eroded, there being numerous caves and locally an enormous number of holes, varying greatly in depth and diameter, known as sink holes, some of them not less than twenty feet deep ; the coast line is partly the ordinary rock of the island and partly elegant coral- sand beaches, backed by low sand dunes ; most of the swampy lands are brackish, but there are several large fresh water marshy areas; there is no permanent fresh water stream upon the island, but there are several small creeks opening to the sea. The soil is very meagre over nearly all parts of the island, and is derived from the decay of the limestone, which is evidently almost wholly soluble, and the accumulated debris of plants; the observer wonders, at first, at the dense natural thickets which exist, the shrubs and trees growing essentially immediately upon the rock, until closer examination reveals the innumerable cavities in the limestone into which the plants have sent their roots in all directions ; surely there can be no flora more firmly attached to its substratum than this is ! And what an admirable protection to it from hurricanes ! There are many good driving roads on New Providence, and our explorations were mainly made by wagon ; we thus traversed all the mapped roads, driving over 400 miles, stopping frequently to penetrate the country to either side by paths, or forcing our way through the thickets ; except upon the roads and well travelled paths, walking is difficult and even dangerous, owing to the jagged rocks which are nearly everywhere just at the surface of the ground or immediately beneath it, but previous South Florida experience on a closely similar formation had trained us to be careful about the footing ; naturally under the circumstances progress in the thickets was slow. Otherwise there was little dangerous to be taken heed of; there are no larger animals to be feared, and a careful avoidance of coming in con- 204 205 tact with the poison tree { Metopium) which is locally very abundant, was all that we found necessary for safety. Mosquitoes and sand flies gave us some annoyance late in the day, and while camping at night, but we successfully avoided all other noxious insects ; our old foe the horsefly of the Florida everglades was conspicuously absent. The plants of the seashore are mostly the same as those of other West Indian and of South Florida coasts, although there is one abundant endemic Bahamian sand dune shrub ( Salmea petrobioides). The sand dunes are also characterized by the silver- thatch palm { Coccothrinax). The marsh flora is likewise mostly Floridian and Cuban, the most interesting species being a small white- flowered water- lily { Castalia), very fragrant and elegant, its flowers rising on stalks above the water, in the manner of Nelumbo ; there are many marsh grasses and sedges, and a number of these were unknown to grow upon the island previous to our visit; the Cat- tail { Typha) and the Saw- grass { Cladium) are abundant and conspicuous elements of this marsh vegetation. The land standing j ust above the marsh levels is often characterized by the palmetto { Inodes) which grows commonly just at their borders, frequently quite in the water, and occasionally also on higher land ; this tree is identical with the Inodes Palmetto of the southeastern states. Associated with it is an endemic species of St. Andrew's cross { Ascyrum) a low bushy shrub with pale yellow flowers, and several inconspicuous herbaceous plants, among them in wettish places the beautiful pink- flowered Eus-toma of the Gentian Family. At the next higher level, the pine barren is often met with, and this occupies a large portion of the island, so closely resembling in general landscape features and in much of its vegetation the pine- lands of southern Florida, that without close observation the traveller might readily believe them identical. The pine { Pinus Bahamensis) is indeed so similar to the Pinus Elliottii of south Florida, and to the Pinus Cubensis of eastern Cuba, that critical students of trees have pronounced them identical, and I am unable to dispute this conclusion. Likewise, many of the associated 206 FIG. 38. Pine land, Waterloo, New Providence. 207 shrubs and other plants are Cuban and Floridian in distribution ; the pine grows also upon the slopes of hills, and in places even upon their summits. It is in the natural woods and thickets, uniformly called coppices, that the greatest number of species occur, some of them Bahamian only, some also Cuban or Floridian, and some common to the three countries. The character of these coppices differs considerably in different parts of the island, and the distribution of the component shrubs and trees, is, as in the Florida hammocks, exceedingly local; in a number of instances a single colony of a plant, composed of but few individuals, was all that we could see of it, even after traversing miles and miles of coppices. The low coppices, both low in stature and usually in altitude above the sea, are of a density equalling or exceeding any thickets that it has ever been my pleasure to penetrate ; the trees and shrubs grow straight up and so close together that one has to squeeze between them to get on, and the growth of air- plants ( bromeliads and orchids of several species) upon them is something extraordinary; several of the orchids are showy species of Epidendrum, and one of them, bearing very long panicles of yellowish- purple flowers, contradicts its generic name by growing upon the ground, instead of on trees ; the most remarkable of them is an essentialy leafless vanilla ( V. Eggersiana) which scrambles through and upon the shrubs in great abundance and is one of the most curious of Bahamian plants; with it climbs a very slender relative of the bamboos { Arthrostylidium) its short flowering branches densely tufted at the joints of the stem. It is in the high coppices that the larger trees occur, the mahogany { Swietenid) and the wild figs { Ficus brevifolia and F. sapotifolid) being of the greatest size, and accompanied by numerous other species which attain smaller dimensions. The growth here is less dense than that of the low coppices, and the air plants are less abundant, though two or three species of Epidendrum, and the Long Moss { Tillandsia usneoides) which hangs so abundantly from the live oaks and other trees in our southeastern states, are occasionally met with. The accumulated debris of leaves and twigs makes the meager 208 FIG. 39. Coppice, Waterloo, New Providence. 209 black soil of the coppices relatively valuable for agricultural purposes and much of the coppice area has been cleared therefor ; should this process go on continuously, the natural growths would, of course, disappear, and a most beautiful and interesting natural feature be lost; the reservation of a few areas of it in different parts of the island would make safe a very attractive and in some respects unique feature and would probably be a profitable public policy, as such reservations have proven to be elsewhere. Practically all of the area of New Providence not occupied by one or another of the features already mentioned and not under cultivation, roadway or habitation, is scrub- land, being areas which have formerly been deforested for cultivation or otherwise, and permitted to grow up again ; there is much of this land, and the character of its vegetation is usually indicative of its original condition. The collections for our museums and herbarium, of living plants for our conseivatories and of seeds for germination, aggregate about 4,000 specimens, included under 710 collection numbers ; much of this material is new to us, other specimens are of species of which our representation was previously imperfect or incomplete, and some illustrate plants hitherto unknown to science. I now propose to extend the exploration to other Bahamian islands and to this end have sent Mr. Nash, our head gardener, to the island of Inagua for about a month, and have commissioned Mr. Brace, who assisted me on New Providence, to examine the island of Abaco. Their work will give us desired information and specimens from both the southern and the northern parts of the archipelago. Respectfully submitted, N. L. BRITTON", Director- in- Chief. 210 NOTES, NEWS AND COMMENT. Two more lectures are yet to be given in the autumn course : that of Prof. H. M. Richardson " The effect of wounding on plants," Nov. 12, and " Hybrids: their nature and behavior," by Dr. D. T. MacDougal on Nov. 19. Dr. N. L. Britton, Director- in- Chief received the degree of Doctor of Science during the recent sesquicentennial celebration at Columbia University. The Department of Botany of Columbia University was awarded a gold medal for its botanical exhibit at the Louisiana Purchase Exposition. The exhibit consisted principally of material for demonstration and teaching arranged in swinging frames together with illustrations prepared by C. C. Curtis. Dr. J. K. Small, Curator of the Museums, started for Florida on October 28. He will spend a month in carrying out some investigations of the flora of that region. The Library has recently acquired a number of interesting and valuable books from the libraries of Mr. John J. Crooke and Mr. J. B. Ellis. From Mr. Crooke's collection have come among other items the first twenty- eight volumes of the third series of Curtis's Botanical Magazine, long a desiderata of the Library, a very fine copy of Abbot & Smith's Natural History of the Rarer Lepidopterous Insects of Georgia, 1797, with the beautiful colored plates of plants and insects ; Nees von Esenbeck's Flora Germanica ; and a copy of the original issue of De Candolle & Redoute's " Plantes Grasses." From Mr. Ellis' library have been procured a copy of Saccardo's Fungi Italici, a complete set of Berkeley's " Notices of British Fungi," taken from the Annals of Natural History, and a large and valuable collection of over 1,100 pamphlets on Fungi. The total precipitation in the Garden during October, 1904, amounted to 2.77 inches. Maximum temperatures of 750 on the 3d, 8o° on the 10th, 8 3 " on the 18th, and 67° on the 25th, were observed; also minima of 41J/ J0 on the 2d, 3 2 ^ ° on the 7th, 33° on the 23d, and 2 2 ^ ° on the 31st. 211 A rearrangement of the meterological apparatus was made late in September by which the rain- gauge was fixed to the roof of the physiological laboratory in the Museum, in which position it has been found to register approximately the same amount of precipitation as a second instrument in the nursery. Hereafter the records will be taken from the Museum. All of the thermographic apparatus and thermometers has been installed inside of the experimental ground, with the recording apparatus in a small office. ACCESSIONS. LIBRARY ACCESSIONS FROM AUGUST 16 TO NOVEMBER I. ABBOTT, J., & SMITH, J. E. The natural history of the rarer lepidopterous insects of Georgia. London, 1797. 2 vols. ( Purchased from tbe Library of John J. Crooke, Esq.) American botanical register. Edited by O. O. Rich, Washington, 1825- 1830, 3 parts. ( Purchased from the Library of John J. Crooke, Esq. ) Bahamas — General descriptive report on the Bahama Islands ; in which is includedthe annual report for iqo2. London, 1904. ( Given by Dr. N. L. Britton.) BAILT. ON, H. Monographie des campanulaeSes, cueurbitacies, passifloracies et be-goniaeies. Paris, 1886. BARTON, W. C. P. Flora of North America. Philadelphia, 1820- 1843. 3 vols, in I. ( Purchased from the Library of John J. Crooke, Esq.) BARTON, W. C. P. Vegetable materia medica of the United Slates. Philadelphia, 1817- 1818. 2 vols, in 1. ( Purchased from the Library of John J. Crooke, Esq.) BLUME, C. L. Collection des orchidies les plus remarquables de I'Archipel Indien et du Japon. Amsterdam, 1858. ( Purchased from tbe Library of John J. Crooke, Esq.) BOUTON, L. Plantes midicinales de Maurice. Ed. 2. Port Louis, 1864. Botanisch jaarboek, uitgegeven door het kruidkundig genootschap Dodonaea te Gent. 8- 11. Gent, 1896- 1899. BUCHOZ, P. Herbier colorii de VAmerique. Paris, 1773. ( Purchased from the Library of John J. Crooke, Esq.) Buenos Aires, Anales del museo nacional. Vols. 4- 7 and io. Buenos Aires, 1895- 1902 and 1904. 5 vols. ( By exchange.) BURGERSTEIN, ALFRED. Die Transpiration der Pfianzen. Jena, 1904. CALLCOTT, MARIA. A Scripture herbal. London, 1842. CAMUS, A., & E. G. Classification des saules de VEurope et monographic des sanies de France. Paris, 1904. 2 vols. CANDOLLE, A. P. DE. Plantarum historia sucmlentarum. Paris, 1799- 1829. 2 vols. ( Purchased from the Library of John J. Crooke, Esq.) 212 COLLINGWOOD, C. Rambles of a naturalist on the shores and waters of the China Sea. London, 1868. ( Purchased from the Library of John J. Crooke, Esq.) Curtis's botanical magazine. Vols. 56- 57, London, 1829- 1833, and Vols. 71- 96, London, 1845- 1870. 28 vols. ( Purchased from the Library of John J. Crooke, Esq.) DARBY, J. Botany of the Southern Stales. Macon, 1841. ( Purchased from the Library of John J. Crooke, Esq.) DENNERT, E. At the deathbed of Darwinism. Translated by E. V. O'Harra and John H. Peschges. Burlington, Iowa. DIXON, N. H. Ihe student's handbook of British mosses. With illustrations, and keys to the genera and species by H. G. Jamieson. Second edition, revised and enlarged. London, 1904. ENDLICHER, S. Genera plantarum. Vienna, 1836- 1847. ( Purchased from tbe Library of John J. Crooke, Esq.) FIELDING, H. B., & GARDNER, G. Sertum plantarum or drawings and descriptions of rare and undescribed plants. London, 1844. ( Purchased from the Library of John J. Crooke, Esq.) GAKD. NER, JOHN, & BRACE, L. J. K. Provisional list of the plants of the Bahama Islands. Pbiladelphia, 1888. ( By exchange with Dr. J. Ii. Barnhart.) GATTY, A British seaweeds. London, 1863. ( Purchased from the Library ot John J. Crooke, Esq.) GIBSON, R. J., HARVEY & AULD, HELEN P. Codium. Liverpool, 1900. ( Given by Dr. M. A. Howe.) GIES, WILLIAM, J. Chemical notes : physical and inorganic. New York, 1904. ( Given by Dr. D. T. MacDougal.) GOODALK, G. L. The wildflowers of America. Boston, 1876- 1877. Part 1- 2. ( Purchased from the Library of John J. Crooke, Esq.) GRAY, ASA. Botanical memoirs exit acted from Vol. 6. ( « . s.) of the Mem. Amen, an A ademy of Arts and Sciences. Cambridge, 1859. ( Purchased from the Library of John J. Crooke, Esq.) GRAY, ASA. Note on the affinities oj the genus Vavaea, Benth, also of A'hyti-dandra, Gray. Cambridge, 1854. ( Purchased from the Library of John J. Crooke, Esq. ) GRISEBACH, H. R. A. Flora of the British West Indies. London, 1864. ( Purchased from the Library of John J. Crooke, Esq.) GURWITSCH, ALEXANDER. Morphologie und Biologie der Zelle. Jena, 1904. HARVEY, W. H. Phycologia Britannica. New ed. London, 1. S17. 4 vols. ( Purchased from the Library of John J. Crooke, Esq.) HOCHREUTINER, B. P. G. Le SudOranais, itudes florist ques et phytogeogra- Ahiques. Geneve, 1904. HOPE, C. W. The ferns of North Western India. Bombay, 1899- 1903. ( Given by Dr. L. M. Underwood.) LINK, H. F. Filicum species in Horto Botanico Berolinensi cultae. Berolini, 1841. ( Given by Dr. L. M. Underwood.) LLOYD, ¥. E., & BIGELOW, M. A. The teaching of biology in the Secondary School. New York, 1904. ( Given by Dr. N. L. Britton.) MAISCH, JOHN M. Manual of organic materia medica. Ed. 3 . Philadelphia, 1887. ( Given by Mr. Ernest Molwitz.) MESNER, K. F. Plantarum vascularium genera. Leipzig, 1836- 1843. 2 vols, in 1. ( Purchased from the Library of John J. Crooke, Esq.) 213 MOTTIER, DAVID M. Fecundation in plants. Washington, 1904. ( Given by Dr. D. T. MacDougal.) MUELLER, J. S. ( J O H N M I L L E R ) . Illustration of the sexual system of Linncus. London, 1777. 3 vols. ( Purchased from the Library of John J. Crooke,, Esq.) NERS VON ESENBECK, T. K. L. Flora Germanica. Bonn, 1833- 1860. 5 vols. ( Purchased from the Library of John J. Crooke, . Esq.) OLTMAN. NS, FRIEDRICH. Morphologie und Biologie der Algen. Vol. I. Jena, 1904. PRATT, A. Ferns of G re- it Britain. London, no date. ( Purchased from the Library of John J. Crooke, Esq.) RABENHORST, L. Krytogamen- Flora von Sachsen. Leipzig, 1863- 1870. 3 vols. ROTH, GEORG. Die Europaischen Laubmoose. Vol. 1. Leipzig, 1903- 1904. ROUY, G. Illustrationes tlantarum Europae rariorum. Fasc. 19. Paris, 1904. SCHKUR, C. Beschreibung und Abbildungen der theils bekannten, theils noch nicht beschriebenen Arten von Riedgrasern. Wittemberg, 1801. SCHKUR, C. Nachtra% oder de zweite Hdlfte der Riedgrdser. Wittemberg, 1806. I vol. ( Purchased from the Library of John J. Crooke, Esq.) SCHKUR, C. Deutschlands kryptogamische Gewachse, Parts I and 2. Wittemberg, 1809- 1847. 2 vols. ( Purchased from the Library of John J. Crooke, Esq.) SCHNEIDER, CAMILLO KARL. Deutsche Gartengestaltung und Kunst, Leipzig, 1904. SMITH, J. Ferns, British and joreign. London, 1866. ( Purchased from the Library of John J. Crooke, Esq.) SULLIVANT, W. S. Musci and hepaticae of the United States. New York, 1856. ( Purchased from the Library of John J. Crooke, Esq.) TRINITY COLLEGE, DUBLIN. Notes from the Botanical School, 1- 5. Dublin, 1896- 1902. ( Given by Dr. M. A. Howe.) TRINITY COLLEGE, DUBLIN. The book of Trinity College, Dublin, 1591- 1891. Belfast, 1902. ( Given by the Torrey Botanical Club.) WEHDEMANN, C. H. Seeds collected in the interior of South Africa in the limits of Cafferland, in the year 1817, illustrated with 29 illuminated drawings taken from nature. Capetown, 1S18. MSS. collection of plates from the Library of John J. Crooke, Esq. ( Given by Miss Vail.) WEST, W., & W E S T . , G. S. Monograph of the British Desmidiaceae. Vol. 1. London, 1904. WILLDENOW, K. L. Hortus Berolinensis. Berlin, 1806- 1812. ( Purchased from the Library of John J. Crooke, Esq.) WOODVILLE, W. Medical botany. Ed. 3. London, 1832. 5 vols. ( Purchased from the Library of John J. Crooke, Esq.) HERBARIUM 25 specimens from Connecticut. ( Collected by Dr. D. T. MacDougal.) 1 specimen of dragon's blood in the original palm leaf wrapper. ( Given by Dr. J. A. Shafer.) 10 specimens of herbs for the drug collection. ( Collected by Mr. Q. T. Shafer.) 73 photographs of New Zealand vegetation. ( Presented by Mr. L. Cockayne.) 2 specimens from Bronx Park. ( Collected by Dr. N. L. Britton.) 214 17 specimens from New Jersey. ( Collected by Miss P. C. Clarke.) 130 photographs of South American vegetation. ( Received from Dr. E. Ule.) 1 specimen of the white- fruited strawberry from the Adirondacks, N. Y. ( Presented by Mrs. A. M. Smith.) 2 specimens from Illinois. ( By exchange with Dr. J. Schneck.) 2 specimens from eastern United States. ( By exchange with the U. S. National Museum.) 202 specimens from the Philippine Islands. ( Byexchange with the Bureauof Public Laboratories.) I specimen of crude rubber from Colorado. ( Presented by Prof. T. D. A. Cockerell.) 20specimens of fungi trom the Adirondacks, N.- Y. ( Given by Prof. H. J. Banker.) 1 specimen of mistletoe from Colorado. ( Given by Prof. E. Bethel.) 24 specimens of violets from New Jersey. ( Given by Mr. II. D. House.) 2 specimens of North American fungi. ( By exchange with Cornell University.) 1 specimen of Coralhoriza from Maine. ( Given by Mr. B. C. Gruenberg.) 68 specimens from the upper Delaware Valley. ( Collected by Dr. N. L. Britton.) 20 specimens of mosses from the Philippine Islands. ( By exchange with the Bureau of Public Laboratories.) 8 specimens of Texan fungi. ( Presented by Mr. P. L. Ricker.) 2 specimens from North Carolina. ( Presented by Miss E. A. Lehman.) 1 specimen of Dodecatheon Hitgeri from North Carolina. ( Given by Mr. C. D. Beadle.) T herbarium specimen from Texas. ( Given by the U. S. Department of Agriculture. ) 46 specimens of fungi from the western United States. ( Collected by Prof. C. F. Baker.) 124 specimens from North America. ( By exchange with the U. S. National Museum.) 1 specimen of Uniola paniculata from the Bahamas. ( Collected by Dr. M. A. Howe.) 125 specimens from New Zealand. ( Presented by Mr. L. Cockayne.) 857 specimens from western North America. ( Collected by Prof. M. E. Jones.) 255 specimens from Georgia. ( Collected by Mr. R. M. Harper.) 300 herbarium specimens from California. ( Collected by Mr. A. A. Heller.) 380 specimens from the Gulf States. ( Collected by Prof. S. M. Tracy.) 38 specimens of Jamaica ferns. ( Byexchange with the U. S. National Museum.) 23 museum specimens of Crataegus. ( Given by Mr. C. K. Dodge.) 20 museum specimens of Crataegus. ( Given by Mr. J. Semple.) 78 specimens from the Philippines. ( By exchange with the U. S. National Museum.) 1 specimen of Crataegus from Colorado. ( Given by Prof. E. E. Bogue.) 14 specimens of Georgia fungi. ( Given by Mr. R. M. Harper.) 1,200 specimens of fungi from Virginia and Tennessee. ( Collected by Dr. W. A. Murrill.) 8 specimens of fungi from United States. ( Given by Miss V. S. White.) 1 specimen of fungus from Pennsylvania. ( Given by Mrs. C. IC. Small.) i o museum specimens of Crataegus. ( Given by Prof. C. H. Peck.) 215 2 museum specimens of Crataegus. ( Given by Mr. E. B. Harger.) 14 specimens of Crataegus. ( Given by Mr. E. J. Palmer.) 32 specimens of fungi from Long Island. ( Collected by Prof. Underwood and Dr. Murrill.) 107 flowering plants and ferns from [ Jamaica. ( By exchange with the U. S. National Museum.) I museum specimen of. bog oak from Ireland. ( Given by Mr. Wm. Gaynor.) 1 specimen of fungus from Mexico. ( Given by Mr. P. L. Ricker.) 2 museum specimens of Crataegus from Connecticut. ( Given by Dr. C. B. Graves.) 5. museum specimens of Crataegus from Pennsylvania. ( Given by Prof. C. L. Gruber.) 1 museum specimen of Leptamnium Virginianum. ( Given by Mr. J. Semple. ) 2 museum specimens of fruits of Toxylon pomiferum. ( Given by Mr. Jacob Schafer.) 3 museum specimens, a partially finished Panama hat, a pair of sandals and a bag from Colombia, S. A. ( Given by Mr. T. S. Alexander.) 57 specimens of twigs for the collection of North American dendrology. ( Collected by Dr. J. A. Shafer.) 9 museum specimens of various plant products from the West Indies. ( Given by Messrs. Hugo Brussel & Company.) 4 museum specimens of Georgia fruits. ( By exchange with Mr. R, M. Harper.) 5 museum specimens of Crataegus. ( By exchange with Prof. E. Wilkinson.) I i museum specimens of Crataegus. ( Given by Mr. H. C. Skeels.) 8 museum specimens of Crataegus. ( Given by Mr. W. H. Blanchard.) 18 specimens of North Carolina fungi. ( Given by Mr. E. R. Memminger.) 4 museum specimens of algae from Lower California. ( By exchange wilh the Museum of Natural History, Paris.) 2 herbarium specimens of Crataegus from Michigan. ( Given by Dr. Louis Sherman.) 15 specimens of hepatics from Sweden. ( Given by Mr. H. W. Arnell.) 3 herbarium specimens of marine algae from Africa and Sweden. ( Given by the Botanical Museum, Hamburg.) 1 specimen of the fruit of Oxydendrum arboreum from Pennsylvania. ( Given by Mr. J. A. Medsger.) 1 museum specimen of cork elm from Connecticut. ( Given by Mr. W. J. Hill.) 186 museum specimens of Crataegus from Vermont, Massachusetts, Connecticut, New York, Pennsylvania and Delawaie. ( Collected by Mr. W. W. Eggleston.) 4 specimens of hepatics from Central America. ( Collected by Mr. C. F. Baker.) 4 specimens of lichens from Naples, Italy. ( By exchange with Mr. C. Cufino.) 13 specimens of mosses from'Alaska. ( Given by Mr. W. T. Home.) 2 specimens of mosses from West Virginia. ( Given by Mr. A. LeRoy Andrews.) 1 specimen of fungus from Virginia. ( Given by Miss V. W. Murrill.) 542 specimens of mosses from Guadeloupe and Martinique. ( Collected by M. Pere Duss.) 2 specimens of mosses from Maryland. ( Given by Prof. J. B. S. Martin.) 4 specimens of Chinese giant peppers. ( Given by Mr. Frank Weinsch.) I museum specimen of mango seeds from Florida. ( Given by Dr. J. K. Small.) 216 15 museum specimens of Philippine plants, collected by Mr. V. LeRoy Topping. ( By exchange with the U. S. National Museum.) i museum specimen of Thalesia uniflora. ( Collected by Mr. R. C. Schneider.) 8 specimens of mosses from Kansas. ( Given by Prof. M. A. Barber.) 1 specimen of fungus from Long Island. ( Given by Miss I . F. Hapgood.) 8o specimens of lichens from Guadeloupe and Martinique. ( Collected by M. Pere Duss.) 2 specimens of mosses from Vermont and Connecticut. ( Given by Miss Annie Lorenz.) 7 museum specimens of date palm leaves and products from Egypt. ( Given by Miss A. M. Vail.) 18 specimens of drugs. ( Given by Mr. Q. T. Shafer.) I specimen of tobacco from Guadeloupe, W. I. ( Given by Prof. F. E. Lloyd.) 4 crude palmetto brushes and fiber from Florida. ( Given by Dr. J. K. Small.) 3 museum specimens, hat braid made of corn husks and crude rope made of Sisal fiber from the Bahamas. ( Given by Mrs. N. L. Britton.) i museum specimen of lemons from the Bahamas. ( Given by Mrs. N. L. Britton,) 17 specimens of mosses from California. ( Collected by Mr. A. A. Heller.) 4,116 herbarium specimens of marine algae from California and Europe, beingthe herbarium of Dr. C. L. Anderson. 10 herbarium specimens of marine algae from the East Indies. ( By exchange with Madame A, Weber- van Bosse.) I specimen of Cardamine digitata from the Arctic Coast. ( Given by Mr. J. M. Macoun.) 32 specimens from British America. ( By exchange with the Geological Survey of Canada.) 2,100 specimens from southern peninsular Florida. ( Collected by Dr. J. K. Small and Mr. P. Wilson.) 26 specimens of Florida fungi. ( Collected by Mrs. N. L. Britton.) 16 specimens of mosses from Florida. ( By exchange with Mr. S. Rapp.) 15 specimens of mosses from Central America. ( Collected by Mr. C. F. Baker.) I museum specimen of the fruit of Quercus palustris from New Jersey. ( Given by O. P. Medsger.) 6 specimens of fungi from Long Island. ( Collected by Dr. J. H. Barnhart.) 29 specimens for the Systematic Museum. ( Collected by Dr. J. A. Shafer.) 17 specimens of mosses from British Columbia. ( By exchange with Mr. L. Cufino.) 50 specimens " Musci Acrocarpi Boreali Americana.'" ( By exchange with Mr. J. M. Holzinger.) 12 specimens of fungi from Jamaica. ( Collected by Miss W. J . Robinson.) 12 specimens of ferns from Long Island. ( Collected by Prof. Underwood and Miss Mulford.) Members ot tbe Corporation. PROF. N. L. BRITTON, HON. ADDISON BROWN, WM. L. BROWN, ANDREW CARNEGIE, PROF. CHAS. F. CHANDLER, WM. G. CHOATE, HON. EDWARD COOPER, CHAS. F. COX, JOHN J. CROOKE, W. BAYARD CUTTING, ROBERT W. DE FOREST, CLEVELAND H. DODGE, SAMUEL W. FAIRCHILD, GEN. LOUIS FITZGERALD, RICHARD W. GILDER, HON. THOMAS F. GILROY, HON. HUGH J. GRANT, HENRY P. HOYT, ADRIAN ISELIN, JR., MORRIS K. JESUP, JOHN I. KANE, EUGENE KELLY, JR., PROF. JAMES F. KEMP, JOHN S. KENNEDY, PROF. FREDERIC S. LEE, HON. SETH LOW, DAVID LYDIG, EDGAR L. MARSTON, D. 0. MILLS, J. PIERPONT MORGAN, THEO. W. MYERS, GEO. M. OLCOTT, PROF. HENRY F. OSBORN, LOWELL M. PALMER, GEORGE W. PERKINS, JAMES R. PITCHER, RT. REV. HENRY C POTTER PERCY R. PYNE, JOHN D. ROCKEFELLER, WM. ROCKEFELLER, PROF. H. H. RUSBY, JAMES A. SCRYMSER, HENRY A. SIEBRECHT, SAMUEL SLOAN, WM. D. SLOANE, NELSON SMITH, DR. W. GILMAN THOMPSON, LOUIS C. TIFFANY, SAMUEL THORNE, PROF. L. M. UNDERWOOD, GEO. W. VANDERBILT, WILLIAM H. S. WOOD. P U B L I C A T I O N S The New York Botanical Garden Journal of the New York Botanical Garden, monthly, illustrated, containing notes, news and non- technical articles of general interest. Free to all mem* bers of the Garden. Toothers, 10 cents a copy; jjl. oo a year. [ Not offered in exchange.] Vol. I, 1900, viii-(- 213 pp. Vol. II, 1901, viii- f- 204 pp. Vol. I l l, 1902, viii 4- 244 pp. Vol. IV, 1903, viii - f 238 pp. Bulletin of the N ew York Botanical Garden, containing the annual reports of the Director- in- Chief and other official documents, and technical articles embodying the results of investigations carried out in the Garden. Free to all members of the Garden; toothers, $ 3.00 per volume. Vol. I, Nos. 1- 5, 449 pp., 3 maps, and 12 plates, 1896- 1900. Vol. II, Nos. 6- 8, 518 pp., 30 plates, 1901- 1903. Vol. Ill, No. 9, 174 pp., 15 plates, 1903 ; No. 10, 114 pp., 1903. Memoirs of the New York Botanical Garden. Price to members of the Garden, $ 1.00 per volume. To others, $ 2.00. [ Not offered in exchange.] Vol. I. An Annotated Catalogue of the Flora of Montana and the Yellowstone Park, by Dr. Per Axel Rydberg, assistant curator of the museums. An arrangement and critical discussion of the Pteridophytes and Phanerogams of the region with notes from the author's field book and including descriptions of 163 new species, ix - j- 492 pp. Roy. 8vo, with detailed map. Vol. II. The Influence of Light and Darkness upon Growth and Development, by Dr. D. T. MacDougal, assistant director. An account of the author's extensive researches together with a general consideration of tbe relation of light to plants. The principal morphological features are illustrated, xvi -|- 320 pp. Roy. 8vo, with 176 figures. Contributions from the New York Botanical Garden. A series of technical papers written by students or members of the staff, and reprinted from journals other than above. Price, 25 cents each. $ 5.00 per volume. Vol. I. Inclusive of Nos. 1- 25, vi - f- 400 pp. 35 figures in the text and 34 plates. Vol. II. Nos. 26- 50, vi - f 340 pp. 55 figures in the text and 18 plates. RECENT NUMBERS 25 CENTS EACH. No. 54. Chemical notes on bastard logwood, by B. C. Gruenberg and Dr. W. J. Gies. No. 55. Studies on the Rocky Mountain flora— XI, by Dr. P. A. Rydberg. No. 56. The Polyporaceae of North America— VIII, by Dr. W. A. Murrill. No. 57. Studies in the Asclepiadaceae— VIII. A species oi Asclepias from Kansas and two possible hybrids from New York, by Miss A. M. Vail. All subscriptions and remittances should be sent to NEW YORK BOTANICAL GARDEN BRONX PARK. NW YORK GITY
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Contributor | New York Botanical Garden |
Date | 1904-11 |
Description-Table Of Contents | Report on Exploration of the Bahamas; Notes, News and Comment; Accessions. |
Format | application/pdf |
Format-Extent | 51 v. : ill. ; 25 cm |
Identifier | 0885-4165 |
Language | eng |
Publisher | Bronx : New York Botanical Garden, 1900-1950 |
Relation-Is Part Of | Journal of the New York Botanical Garden : v. 1, no. 1-v. 51, no. 612 |
Relation-IsVersionOfURI | http://opac.nybg.org/record=b1104879 |
Rights | http://www.nybg.org/library/ |
Subject | Plants--Periodicals; Gardening--Periodicals; Plants, Cultivated--Periodicals; New York Botanical Garden--Periodicals. |
Title | Journal of the New York Botanical Garden |
Volume, Number | Vol. 5, no. 59 |
Type | text |
Transcript | Vol, V NOVEMBER, 1904 No. 59 JOURNAL The New York Botanical Garden EDITOR DANIEL TREMBLY MACDOUGAL Assistant Director CONTENTS PAGB Report on Exploration of the Bahamas 201 Notes, News and Comment 210 Accessions 2I1 PUBLISHED FOR THE GARDEN AT 41 NORTH QUREN STREET, LANCASTER, PA. BY THB NBW ERA PRINTING COMPANY O B - F I O E R S , 1Q04. PRESIDENT— D. 0. MILLS, VICE- PRESIDENT— ANDREW CARNEGIE, TREASURER— CHARLES F. COX, SECRETARY— N. L. BRITTON. B O A R D OK M A N A G E R S . 1. BXBCTED MANAGERS. ANDREW CARNEGIE, J. PIERPONT MORGAN, W. BAYARD CUTTING, GEORGE W. PERKINS, ROBERT W. DE FOREST, JAMES A. SCRYMSER, JOHN I. KANE, SAMUEL SLOAN, D. 0. MILLS, W. GILMAN THOMPSON, SAMUEL THORNE. 2. EX- OFFICIO MANAGERS. THE PRESIDENT OF THE DEPARTMENT OF PUBLIC PARKS, HON. JOHN J. PALLAS. THE MAYOR OF THE CITY OF NEW YORK, HON. GEORGE B. McCLELLAN. 3. SCIENTIFIC DIRECTORS PROF. L. M. UNDERWOOD, Chairman. HON. ADDISON BROWN, CHARLES F. COX, DR. NICHOLAS MURRAY BUTLER, PROF. J. F. KEMP, PROF. C. F. CHANDLER, PROF. FREDERIC S. LEE, PROF. H. H. RUSBY G A R D E N S T A F F , DR. N. L. BRITTON, Director- in- Chief. DR. D. T. MACDOUGAL, Assistant Director. DR. JOHN K. SMALL, Curator of the Museums. DR. P. A RYDBERG, Assistant Curator. DR. ARTHUR HOLLICK, Assistant Curator. DR. MARSHALL A. HOWE, Assistant Curator. DR. W. A. MURRILL, Assistant Curator. GEORGE V. NASH, Head Gardener. ANNA MURRAY VAIL, Librarian. DR. H. H. RUSBY, Curator of the Economic Collections. DR. WM. J. GIES, Consulting Chemist. COL. F. A. SCHILLING, Superintendent. JOHN R. BRINLEY, Landscape Engineer. WALTER S. GROESBECK, Clerk and Accountant. DR. JOHN HENDLEY BARNHART, Editorial Assistant. DR. JOHN A. SHAFER, Museum Custodian. JOURNAL OF The New York Botanical Garden VOL. V. November, 1904. No. 59. REPORT ON EXPLORATION OF THE BAHAMAS. ( Submitted October 12, 1904, and ordered printed.) To THE BOARD OF MANAGERS OF THE NEW YORK BOTANICAL GARDEN. Gentlemen : With the approval of Mr. D. O. Mills, President of the Garden, I conducted botanical exploration in the Bahama Islands during parts of August and September, 1904, in continuation of the work done in that archipelago last spring, as already reported by Dr. Marshall A. Howe and by me.* I was accompanied and assisted by Mrs. Britton, and by Mr. L. J. K. Brace, a resident botanist of Nassau, New Providence. In following up the recommendation made by me last spring, that we undertake a detailed botanical survey of the Bahamas, I decided to first examine the flora of New Providence, that being already the best known botanically of all the islands, and thus serving as the most satisfactory basis for subsequent work ; while its flora was thus relatively well known, many parts of its area had not been visited by botanists, and my expectation that a considerable number1 of rare or otherwise interesting species occurred there, though not reported, has been fulfilled by the results of my recent trip. The island of New Providence is about twenty one miles long and about seven miles in greatest width ; its longer axis lies * JOURNAL N . Y. BOT. GARD. 5 : 129- 136, 164- 166. 1904. 201 202 203 nearly east and west. Its surface is considerably diversified into plain, hill and marsh, and in the interior are several large brackish-water lakes not connected with the sea except by subterranean passages through the porous limestone of which the island is wholly composed, and which is made up of coral sand closely cemented; this limestone has been much eroded, there being numerous caves and locally an enormous number of holes, varying greatly in depth and diameter, known as sink holes, some of them not less than twenty feet deep ; the coast line is partly the ordinary rock of the island and partly elegant coral- sand beaches, backed by low sand dunes ; most of the swampy lands are brackish, but there are several large fresh water marshy areas; there is no permanent fresh water stream upon the island, but there are several small creeks opening to the sea. The soil is very meagre over nearly all parts of the island, and is derived from the decay of the limestone, which is evidently almost wholly soluble, and the accumulated debris of plants; the observer wonders, at first, at the dense natural thickets which exist, the shrubs and trees growing essentially immediately upon the rock, until closer examination reveals the innumerable cavities in the limestone into which the plants have sent their roots in all directions ; surely there can be no flora more firmly attached to its substratum than this is ! And what an admirable protection to it from hurricanes ! There are many good driving roads on New Providence, and our explorations were mainly made by wagon ; we thus traversed all the mapped roads, driving over 400 miles, stopping frequently to penetrate the country to either side by paths, or forcing our way through the thickets ; except upon the roads and well travelled paths, walking is difficult and even dangerous, owing to the jagged rocks which are nearly everywhere just at the surface of the ground or immediately beneath it, but previous South Florida experience on a closely similar formation had trained us to be careful about the footing ; naturally under the circumstances progress in the thickets was slow. Otherwise there was little dangerous to be taken heed of; there are no larger animals to be feared, and a careful avoidance of coming in con- 204 205 tact with the poison tree { Metopium) which is locally very abundant, was all that we found necessary for safety. Mosquitoes and sand flies gave us some annoyance late in the day, and while camping at night, but we successfully avoided all other noxious insects ; our old foe the horsefly of the Florida everglades was conspicuously absent. The plants of the seashore are mostly the same as those of other West Indian and of South Florida coasts, although there is one abundant endemic Bahamian sand dune shrub ( Salmea petrobioides). The sand dunes are also characterized by the silver- thatch palm { Coccothrinax). The marsh flora is likewise mostly Floridian and Cuban, the most interesting species being a small white- flowered water- lily { Castalia), very fragrant and elegant, its flowers rising on stalks above the water, in the manner of Nelumbo ; there are many marsh grasses and sedges, and a number of these were unknown to grow upon the island previous to our visit; the Cat- tail { Typha) and the Saw- grass { Cladium) are abundant and conspicuous elements of this marsh vegetation. The land standing j ust above the marsh levels is often characterized by the palmetto { Inodes) which grows commonly just at their borders, frequently quite in the water, and occasionally also on higher land ; this tree is identical with the Inodes Palmetto of the southeastern states. Associated with it is an endemic species of St. Andrew's cross { Ascyrum) a low bushy shrub with pale yellow flowers, and several inconspicuous herbaceous plants, among them in wettish places the beautiful pink- flowered Eus-toma of the Gentian Family. At the next higher level, the pine barren is often met with, and this occupies a large portion of the island, so closely resembling in general landscape features and in much of its vegetation the pine- lands of southern Florida, that without close observation the traveller might readily believe them identical. The pine { Pinus Bahamensis) is indeed so similar to the Pinus Elliottii of south Florida, and to the Pinus Cubensis of eastern Cuba, that critical students of trees have pronounced them identical, and I am unable to dispute this conclusion. Likewise, many of the associated 206 FIG. 38. Pine land, Waterloo, New Providence. 207 shrubs and other plants are Cuban and Floridian in distribution ; the pine grows also upon the slopes of hills, and in places even upon their summits. It is in the natural woods and thickets, uniformly called coppices, that the greatest number of species occur, some of them Bahamian only, some also Cuban or Floridian, and some common to the three countries. The character of these coppices differs considerably in different parts of the island, and the distribution of the component shrubs and trees, is, as in the Florida hammocks, exceedingly local; in a number of instances a single colony of a plant, composed of but few individuals, was all that we could see of it, even after traversing miles and miles of coppices. The low coppices, both low in stature and usually in altitude above the sea, are of a density equalling or exceeding any thickets that it has ever been my pleasure to penetrate ; the trees and shrubs grow straight up and so close together that one has to squeeze between them to get on, and the growth of air- plants ( bromeliads and orchids of several species) upon them is something extraordinary; several of the orchids are showy species of Epidendrum, and one of them, bearing very long panicles of yellowish- purple flowers, contradicts its generic name by growing upon the ground, instead of on trees ; the most remarkable of them is an essentialy leafless vanilla ( V. Eggersiana) which scrambles through and upon the shrubs in great abundance and is one of the most curious of Bahamian plants; with it climbs a very slender relative of the bamboos { Arthrostylidium) its short flowering branches densely tufted at the joints of the stem. It is in the high coppices that the larger trees occur, the mahogany { Swietenid) and the wild figs { Ficus brevifolia and F. sapotifolid) being of the greatest size, and accompanied by numerous other species which attain smaller dimensions. The growth here is less dense than that of the low coppices, and the air plants are less abundant, though two or three species of Epidendrum, and the Long Moss { Tillandsia usneoides) which hangs so abundantly from the live oaks and other trees in our southeastern states, are occasionally met with. The accumulated debris of leaves and twigs makes the meager 208 FIG. 39. Coppice, Waterloo, New Providence. 209 black soil of the coppices relatively valuable for agricultural purposes and much of the coppice area has been cleared therefor ; should this process go on continuously, the natural growths would, of course, disappear, and a most beautiful and interesting natural feature be lost; the reservation of a few areas of it in different parts of the island would make safe a very attractive and in some respects unique feature and would probably be a profitable public policy, as such reservations have proven to be elsewhere. Practically all of the area of New Providence not occupied by one or another of the features already mentioned and not under cultivation, roadway or habitation, is scrub- land, being areas which have formerly been deforested for cultivation or otherwise, and permitted to grow up again ; there is much of this land, and the character of its vegetation is usually indicative of its original condition. The collections for our museums and herbarium, of living plants for our conseivatories and of seeds for germination, aggregate about 4,000 specimens, included under 710 collection numbers ; much of this material is new to us, other specimens are of species of which our representation was previously imperfect or incomplete, and some illustrate plants hitherto unknown to science. I now propose to extend the exploration to other Bahamian islands and to this end have sent Mr. Nash, our head gardener, to the island of Inagua for about a month, and have commissioned Mr. Brace, who assisted me on New Providence, to examine the island of Abaco. Their work will give us desired information and specimens from both the southern and the northern parts of the archipelago. Respectfully submitted, N. L. BRITTON", Director- in- Chief. 210 NOTES, NEWS AND COMMENT. Two more lectures are yet to be given in the autumn course : that of Prof. H. M. Richardson " The effect of wounding on plants," Nov. 12, and " Hybrids: their nature and behavior," by Dr. D. T. MacDougal on Nov. 19. Dr. N. L. Britton, Director- in- Chief received the degree of Doctor of Science during the recent sesquicentennial celebration at Columbia University. The Department of Botany of Columbia University was awarded a gold medal for its botanical exhibit at the Louisiana Purchase Exposition. The exhibit consisted principally of material for demonstration and teaching arranged in swinging frames together with illustrations prepared by C. C. Curtis. Dr. J. K. Small, Curator of the Museums, started for Florida on October 28. He will spend a month in carrying out some investigations of the flora of that region. The Library has recently acquired a number of interesting and valuable books from the libraries of Mr. John J. Crooke and Mr. J. B. Ellis. From Mr. Crooke's collection have come among other items the first twenty- eight volumes of the third series of Curtis's Botanical Magazine, long a desiderata of the Library, a very fine copy of Abbot & Smith's Natural History of the Rarer Lepidopterous Insects of Georgia, 1797, with the beautiful colored plates of plants and insects ; Nees von Esenbeck's Flora Germanica ; and a copy of the original issue of De Candolle & Redoute's " Plantes Grasses." From Mr. Ellis' library have been procured a copy of Saccardo's Fungi Italici, a complete set of Berkeley's " Notices of British Fungi," taken from the Annals of Natural History, and a large and valuable collection of over 1,100 pamphlets on Fungi. The total precipitation in the Garden during October, 1904, amounted to 2.77 inches. Maximum temperatures of 750 on the 3d, 8o° on the 10th, 8 3 " on the 18th, and 67° on the 25th, were observed; also minima of 41J/ J0 on the 2d, 3 2 ^ ° on the 7th, 33° on the 23d, and 2 2 ^ ° on the 31st. 211 A rearrangement of the meterological apparatus was made late in September by which the rain- gauge was fixed to the roof of the physiological laboratory in the Museum, in which position it has been found to register approximately the same amount of precipitation as a second instrument in the nursery. Hereafter the records will be taken from the Museum. All of the thermographic apparatus and thermometers has been installed inside of the experimental ground, with the recording apparatus in a small office. ACCESSIONS. LIBRARY ACCESSIONS FROM AUGUST 16 TO NOVEMBER I. ABBOTT, J., & SMITH, J. E. The natural history of the rarer lepidopterous insects of Georgia. London, 1797. 2 vols. ( Purchased from tbe Library of John J. Crooke, Esq.) American botanical register. Edited by O. O. Rich, Washington, 1825- 1830, 3 parts. ( Purchased from the Library of John J. Crooke, Esq. ) Bahamas — General descriptive report on the Bahama Islands ; in which is includedthe annual report for iqo2. London, 1904. ( Given by Dr. N. L. Britton.) BAILT. ON, H. Monographie des campanulaeSes, cueurbitacies, passifloracies et be-goniaeies. Paris, 1886. BARTON, W. C. P. Flora of North America. Philadelphia, 1820- 1843. 3 vols, in I. ( Purchased from the Library of John J. Crooke, Esq.) BARTON, W. C. P. Vegetable materia medica of the United Slates. Philadelphia, 1817- 1818. 2 vols, in 1. ( Purchased from the Library of John J. Crooke, Esq.) BLUME, C. L. Collection des orchidies les plus remarquables de I'Archipel Indien et du Japon. Amsterdam, 1858. ( Purchased from tbe Library of John J. Crooke, Esq.) BOUTON, L. Plantes midicinales de Maurice. Ed. 2. Port Louis, 1864. Botanisch jaarboek, uitgegeven door het kruidkundig genootschap Dodonaea te Gent. 8- 11. Gent, 1896- 1899. BUCHOZ, P. Herbier colorii de VAmerique. Paris, 1773. ( Purchased from the Library of John J. Crooke, Esq.) Buenos Aires, Anales del museo nacional. Vols. 4- 7 and io. Buenos Aires, 1895- 1902 and 1904. 5 vols. ( By exchange.) BURGERSTEIN, ALFRED. Die Transpiration der Pfianzen. Jena, 1904. CALLCOTT, MARIA. A Scripture herbal. London, 1842. CAMUS, A., & E. G. Classification des saules de VEurope et monographic des sanies de France. Paris, 1904. 2 vols. CANDOLLE, A. P. DE. Plantarum historia sucmlentarum. Paris, 1799- 1829. 2 vols. ( Purchased from the Library of John J. Crooke, Esq.) 212 COLLINGWOOD, C. Rambles of a naturalist on the shores and waters of the China Sea. London, 1868. ( Purchased from the Library of John J. Crooke, Esq.) Curtis's botanical magazine. Vols. 56- 57, London, 1829- 1833, and Vols. 71- 96, London, 1845- 1870. 28 vols. ( Purchased from the Library of John J. Crooke, Esq.) DARBY, J. Botany of the Southern Stales. Macon, 1841. ( Purchased from the Library of John J. Crooke, Esq.) DENNERT, E. At the deathbed of Darwinism. Translated by E. V. O'Harra and John H. Peschges. Burlington, Iowa. DIXON, N. H. Ihe student's handbook of British mosses. With illustrations, and keys to the genera and species by H. G. Jamieson. Second edition, revised and enlarged. London, 1904. ENDLICHER, S. Genera plantarum. Vienna, 1836- 1847. ( Purchased from tbe Library of John J. Crooke, Esq.) FIELDING, H. B., & GARDNER, G. Sertum plantarum or drawings and descriptions of rare and undescribed plants. London, 1844. ( Purchased from the Library of John J. Crooke, Esq.) GAKD. NER, JOHN, & BRACE, L. J. K. Provisional list of the plants of the Bahama Islands. Pbiladelphia, 1888. ( By exchange with Dr. J. Ii. Barnhart.) GATTY, A British seaweeds. London, 1863. ( Purchased from the Library ot John J. Crooke, Esq.) GIBSON, R. J., HARVEY & AULD, HELEN P. Codium. Liverpool, 1900. ( Given by Dr. M. A. Howe.) GIES, WILLIAM, J. Chemical notes : physical and inorganic. New York, 1904. ( Given by Dr. D. T. MacDougal.) GOODALK, G. L. The wildflowers of America. Boston, 1876- 1877. Part 1- 2. ( Purchased from the Library of John J. Crooke, Esq.) GRAY, ASA. Botanical memoirs exit acted from Vol. 6. ( « . s.) of the Mem. Amen, an A ademy of Arts and Sciences. Cambridge, 1859. ( Purchased from the Library of John J. Crooke, Esq.) GRAY, ASA. Note on the affinities oj the genus Vavaea, Benth, also of A'hyti-dandra, Gray. Cambridge, 1854. ( Purchased from the Library of John J. Crooke, Esq. ) GRISEBACH, H. R. A. Flora of the British West Indies. London, 1864. ( Purchased from the Library of John J. Crooke, Esq.) GURWITSCH, ALEXANDER. Morphologie und Biologie der Zelle. Jena, 1904. HARVEY, W. H. Phycologia Britannica. New ed. London, 1. S17. 4 vols. ( Purchased from the Library of John J. Crooke, Esq.) HOCHREUTINER, B. P. G. Le SudOranais, itudes florist ques et phytogeogra- Ahiques. Geneve, 1904. HOPE, C. W. The ferns of North Western India. Bombay, 1899- 1903. ( Given by Dr. L. M. Underwood.) LINK, H. F. Filicum species in Horto Botanico Berolinensi cultae. Berolini, 1841. ( Given by Dr. L. M. Underwood.) LLOYD, ¥. E., & BIGELOW, M. A. The teaching of biology in the Secondary School. New York, 1904. ( Given by Dr. N. L. Britton.) MAISCH, JOHN M. Manual of organic materia medica. Ed. 3 . Philadelphia, 1887. ( Given by Mr. Ernest Molwitz.) MESNER, K. F. Plantarum vascularium genera. Leipzig, 1836- 1843. 2 vols, in 1. ( Purchased from the Library of John J. Crooke, Esq.) 213 MOTTIER, DAVID M. Fecundation in plants. Washington, 1904. ( Given by Dr. D. T. MacDougal.) MUELLER, J. S. ( J O H N M I L L E R ) . Illustration of the sexual system of Linncus. London, 1777. 3 vols. ( Purchased from the Library of John J. Crooke,, Esq.) NERS VON ESENBECK, T. K. L. Flora Germanica. Bonn, 1833- 1860. 5 vols. ( Purchased from the Library of John J. Crooke, . Esq.) OLTMAN. NS, FRIEDRICH. Morphologie und Biologie der Algen. Vol. I. Jena, 1904. PRATT, A. Ferns of G re- it Britain. London, no date. ( Purchased from the Library of John J. Crooke, Esq.) RABENHORST, L. Krytogamen- Flora von Sachsen. Leipzig, 1863- 1870. 3 vols. ROTH, GEORG. Die Europaischen Laubmoose. Vol. 1. Leipzig, 1903- 1904. ROUY, G. Illustrationes tlantarum Europae rariorum. Fasc. 19. Paris, 1904. SCHKUR, C. Beschreibung und Abbildungen der theils bekannten, theils noch nicht beschriebenen Arten von Riedgrasern. Wittemberg, 1801. SCHKUR, C. Nachtra% oder de zweite Hdlfte der Riedgrdser. Wittemberg, 1806. I vol. ( Purchased from the Library of John J. Crooke, Esq.) SCHKUR, C. Deutschlands kryptogamische Gewachse, Parts I and 2. Wittemberg, 1809- 1847. 2 vols. ( Purchased from the Library of John J. Crooke, Esq.) SCHNEIDER, CAMILLO KARL. Deutsche Gartengestaltung und Kunst, Leipzig, 1904. SMITH, J. Ferns, British and joreign. London, 1866. ( Purchased from the Library of John J. Crooke, Esq.) SULLIVANT, W. S. Musci and hepaticae of the United States. New York, 1856. ( Purchased from the Library of John J. Crooke, Esq.) TRINITY COLLEGE, DUBLIN. Notes from the Botanical School, 1- 5. Dublin, 1896- 1902. ( Given by Dr. M. A. Howe.) TRINITY COLLEGE, DUBLIN. The book of Trinity College, Dublin, 1591- 1891. Belfast, 1902. ( Given by the Torrey Botanical Club.) WEHDEMANN, C. H. Seeds collected in the interior of South Africa in the limits of Cafferland, in the year 1817, illustrated with 29 illuminated drawings taken from nature. Capetown, 1S18. MSS. collection of plates from the Library of John J. Crooke, Esq. ( Given by Miss Vail.) WEST, W., & W E S T . , G. S. Monograph of the British Desmidiaceae. Vol. 1. London, 1904. WILLDENOW, K. L. Hortus Berolinensis. Berlin, 1806- 1812. ( Purchased from the Library of John J. Crooke, Esq.) WOODVILLE, W. Medical botany. Ed. 3. London, 1832. 5 vols. ( Purchased from the Library of John J. Crooke, Esq.) HERBARIUM 25 specimens from Connecticut. ( Collected by Dr. D. T. MacDougal.) 1 specimen of dragon's blood in the original palm leaf wrapper. ( Given by Dr. J. A. Shafer.) 10 specimens of herbs for the drug collection. ( Collected by Mr. Q. T. Shafer.) 73 photographs of New Zealand vegetation. ( Presented by Mr. L. Cockayne.) 2 specimens from Bronx Park. ( Collected by Dr. N. L. Britton.) 214 17 specimens from New Jersey. ( Collected by Miss P. C. Clarke.) 130 photographs of South American vegetation. ( Received from Dr. E. Ule.) 1 specimen of the white- fruited strawberry from the Adirondacks, N. Y. ( Presented by Mrs. A. M. Smith.) 2 specimens from Illinois. ( By exchange with Dr. J. Schneck.) 2 specimens from eastern United States. ( By exchange with the U. S. National Museum.) 202 specimens from the Philippine Islands. ( Byexchange with the Bureauof Public Laboratories.) I specimen of crude rubber from Colorado. ( Presented by Prof. T. D. A. Cockerell.) 20specimens of fungi trom the Adirondacks, N.- Y. ( Given by Prof. H. J. Banker.) 1 specimen of mistletoe from Colorado. ( Given by Prof. E. Bethel.) 24 specimens of violets from New Jersey. ( Given by Mr. II. D. House.) 2 specimens of North American fungi. ( By exchange with Cornell University.) 1 specimen of Coralhoriza from Maine. ( Given by Mr. B. C. Gruenberg.) 68 specimens from the upper Delaware Valley. ( Collected by Dr. N. L. Britton.) 20 specimens of mosses from the Philippine Islands. ( By exchange with the Bureau of Public Laboratories.) 8 specimens of Texan fungi. ( Presented by Mr. P. L. Ricker.) 2 specimens from North Carolina. ( Presented by Miss E. A. Lehman.) 1 specimen of Dodecatheon Hitgeri from North Carolina. ( Given by Mr. C. D. Beadle.) T herbarium specimen from Texas. ( Given by the U. S. Department of Agriculture. ) 46 specimens of fungi from the western United States. ( Collected by Prof. C. F. Baker.) 124 specimens from North America. ( By exchange with the U. S. National Museum.) 1 specimen of Uniola paniculata from the Bahamas. ( Collected by Dr. M. A. Howe.) 125 specimens from New Zealand. ( Presented by Mr. L. Cockayne.) 857 specimens from western North America. ( Collected by Prof. M. E. Jones.) 255 specimens from Georgia. ( Collected by Mr. R. M. Harper.) 300 herbarium specimens from California. ( Collected by Mr. A. A. Heller.) 380 specimens from the Gulf States. ( Collected by Prof. S. M. Tracy.) 38 specimens of Jamaica ferns. ( Byexchange with the U. S. National Museum.) 23 museum specimens of Crataegus. ( Given by Mr. C. K. Dodge.) 20 museum specimens of Crataegus. ( Given by Mr. J. Semple.) 78 specimens from the Philippines. ( By exchange with the U. S. National Museum.) 1 specimen of Crataegus from Colorado. ( Given by Prof. E. E. Bogue.) 14 specimens of Georgia fungi. ( Given by Mr. R. M. Harper.) 1,200 specimens of fungi from Virginia and Tennessee. ( Collected by Dr. W. A. Murrill.) 8 specimens of fungi from United States. ( Given by Miss V. S. White.) 1 specimen of fungus from Pennsylvania. ( Given by Mrs. C. IC. Small.) i o museum specimens of Crataegus. ( Given by Prof. C. H. Peck.) 215 2 museum specimens of Crataegus. ( Given by Mr. E. B. Harger.) 14 specimens of Crataegus. ( Given by Mr. E. J. Palmer.) 32 specimens of fungi from Long Island. ( Collected by Prof. Underwood and Dr. Murrill.) 107 flowering plants and ferns from [ Jamaica. ( By exchange with the U. S. National Museum.) I museum specimen of. bog oak from Ireland. ( Given by Mr. Wm. Gaynor.) 1 specimen of fungus from Mexico. ( Given by Mr. P. L. Ricker.) 2 museum specimens of Crataegus from Connecticut. ( Given by Dr. C. B. Graves.) 5. museum specimens of Crataegus from Pennsylvania. ( Given by Prof. C. L. Gruber.) 1 museum specimen of Leptamnium Virginianum. ( Given by Mr. J. Semple. ) 2 museum specimens of fruits of Toxylon pomiferum. ( Given by Mr. Jacob Schafer.) 3 museum specimens, a partially finished Panama hat, a pair of sandals and a bag from Colombia, S. A. ( Given by Mr. T. S. Alexander.) 57 specimens of twigs for the collection of North American dendrology. ( Collected by Dr. J. A. Shafer.) 9 museum specimens of various plant products from the West Indies. ( Given by Messrs. Hugo Brussel & Company.) 4 museum specimens of Georgia fruits. ( By exchange with Mr. R, M. Harper.) 5 museum specimens of Crataegus. ( By exchange with Prof. E. Wilkinson.) I i museum specimens of Crataegus. ( Given by Mr. H. C. Skeels.) 8 museum specimens of Crataegus. ( Given by Mr. W. H. Blanchard.) 18 specimens of North Carolina fungi. ( Given by Mr. E. R. Memminger.) 4 museum specimens of algae from Lower California. ( By exchange wilh the Museum of Natural History, Paris.) 2 herbarium specimens of Crataegus from Michigan. ( Given by Dr. Louis Sherman.) 15 specimens of hepatics from Sweden. ( Given by Mr. H. W. Arnell.) 3 herbarium specimens of marine algae from Africa and Sweden. ( Given by the Botanical Museum, Hamburg.) 1 specimen of the fruit of Oxydendrum arboreum from Pennsylvania. ( Given by Mr. J. A. Medsger.) 1 museum specimen of cork elm from Connecticut. ( Given by Mr. W. J. Hill.) 186 museum specimens of Crataegus from Vermont, Massachusetts, Connecticut, New York, Pennsylvania and Delawaie. ( Collected by Mr. W. W. Eggleston.) 4 specimens of hepatics from Central America. ( Collected by Mr. C. F. Baker.) 4 specimens of lichens from Naples, Italy. ( By exchange with Mr. C. Cufino.) 13 specimens of mosses from'Alaska. ( Given by Mr. W. T. Home.) 2 specimens of mosses from West Virginia. ( Given by Mr. A. LeRoy Andrews.) 1 specimen of fungus from Virginia. ( Given by Miss V. W. Murrill.) 542 specimens of mosses from Guadeloupe and Martinique. ( Collected by M. Pere Duss.) 2 specimens of mosses from Maryland. ( Given by Prof. J. B. S. Martin.) 4 specimens of Chinese giant peppers. ( Given by Mr. Frank Weinsch.) I museum specimen of mango seeds from Florida. ( Given by Dr. J. K. Small.) 216 15 museum specimens of Philippine plants, collected by Mr. V. LeRoy Topping. ( By exchange with the U. S. National Museum.) i museum specimen of Thalesia uniflora. ( Collected by Mr. R. C. Schneider.) 8 specimens of mosses from Kansas. ( Given by Prof. M. A. Barber.) 1 specimen of fungus from Long Island. ( Given by Miss I . F. Hapgood.) 8o specimens of lichens from Guadeloupe and Martinique. ( Collected by M. Pere Duss.) 2 specimens of mosses from Vermont and Connecticut. ( Given by Miss Annie Lorenz.) 7 museum specimens of date palm leaves and products from Egypt. ( Given by Miss A. M. Vail.) 18 specimens of drugs. ( Given by Mr. Q. T. Shafer.) I specimen of tobacco from Guadeloupe, W. I. ( Given by Prof. F. E. Lloyd.) 4 crude palmetto brushes and fiber from Florida. ( Given by Dr. J. K. Small.) 3 museum specimens, hat braid made of corn husks and crude rope made of Sisal fiber from the Bahamas. ( Given by Mrs. N. L. Britton.) i museum specimen of lemons from the Bahamas. ( Given by Mrs. N. L. Britton,) 17 specimens of mosses from California. ( Collected by Mr. A. A. Heller.) 4,116 herbarium specimens of marine algae from California and Europe, beingthe herbarium of Dr. C. L. Anderson. 10 herbarium specimens of marine algae from the East Indies. ( By exchange with Madame A, Weber- van Bosse.) I specimen of Cardamine digitata from the Arctic Coast. ( Given by Mr. J. M. Macoun.) 32 specimens from British America. ( By exchange with the Geological Survey of Canada.) 2,100 specimens from southern peninsular Florida. ( Collected by Dr. J. K. Small and Mr. P. Wilson.) 26 specimens of Florida fungi. ( Collected by Mrs. N. L. Britton.) 16 specimens of mosses from Florida. ( By exchange with Mr. S. Rapp.) 15 specimens of mosses from Central America. ( Collected by Mr. C. F. Baker.) I museum specimen of the fruit of Quercus palustris from New Jersey. ( Given by O. P. Medsger.) 6 specimens of fungi from Long Island. ( Collected by Dr. J. H. Barnhart.) 29 specimens for the Systematic Museum. ( Collected by Dr. J. A. Shafer.) 17 specimens of mosses from British Columbia. ( By exchange with Mr. L. Cufino.) 50 specimens " Musci Acrocarpi Boreali Americana.'" ( By exchange with Mr. J. M. Holzinger.) 12 specimens of fungi from Jamaica. ( Collected by Miss W. J . Robinson.) 12 specimens of ferns from Long Island. ( Collected by Prof. Underwood and Miss Mulford.) Members ot tbe Corporation. PROF. N. L. BRITTON, HON. ADDISON BROWN, WM. L. BROWN, ANDREW CARNEGIE, PROF. CHAS. F. CHANDLER, WM. G. CHOATE, HON. EDWARD COOPER, CHAS. F. COX, JOHN J. CROOKE, W. BAYARD CUTTING, ROBERT W. DE FOREST, CLEVELAND H. DODGE, SAMUEL W. FAIRCHILD, GEN. LOUIS FITZGERALD, RICHARD W. GILDER, HON. THOMAS F. GILROY, HON. HUGH J. GRANT, HENRY P. HOYT, ADRIAN ISELIN, JR., MORRIS K. JESUP, JOHN I. KANE, EUGENE KELLY, JR., PROF. JAMES F. KEMP, JOHN S. KENNEDY, PROF. FREDERIC S. LEE, HON. SETH LOW, DAVID LYDIG, EDGAR L. MARSTON, D. 0. MILLS, J. PIERPONT MORGAN, THEO. W. MYERS, GEO. M. OLCOTT, PROF. HENRY F. OSBORN, LOWELL M. PALMER, GEORGE W. PERKINS, JAMES R. PITCHER, RT. REV. HENRY C POTTER PERCY R. PYNE, JOHN D. ROCKEFELLER, WM. ROCKEFELLER, PROF. H. H. RUSBY, JAMES A. SCRYMSER, HENRY A. SIEBRECHT, SAMUEL SLOAN, WM. D. SLOANE, NELSON SMITH, DR. W. GILMAN THOMPSON, LOUIS C. TIFFANY, SAMUEL THORNE, PROF. L. M. UNDERWOOD, GEO. W. VANDERBILT, WILLIAM H. S. WOOD. P U B L I C A T I O N S The New York Botanical Garden Journal of the New York Botanical Garden, monthly, illustrated, containing notes, news and non- technical articles of general interest. Free to all mem* bers of the Garden. Toothers, 10 cents a copy; jjl. oo a year. [ Not offered in exchange.] Vol. I, 1900, viii-(- 213 pp. Vol. II, 1901, viii- f- 204 pp. Vol. I l l, 1902, viii 4- 244 pp. Vol. IV, 1903, viii - f 238 pp. Bulletin of the N ew York Botanical Garden, containing the annual reports of the Director- in- Chief and other official documents, and technical articles embodying the results of investigations carried out in the Garden. Free to all members of the Garden; toothers, $ 3.00 per volume. Vol. I, Nos. 1- 5, 449 pp., 3 maps, and 12 plates, 1896- 1900. Vol. II, Nos. 6- 8, 518 pp., 30 plates, 1901- 1903. Vol. Ill, No. 9, 174 pp., 15 plates, 1903 ; No. 10, 114 pp., 1903. Memoirs of the New York Botanical Garden. Price to members of the Garden, $ 1.00 per volume. To others, $ 2.00. [ Not offered in exchange.] Vol. I. An Annotated Catalogue of the Flora of Montana and the Yellowstone Park, by Dr. Per Axel Rydberg, assistant curator of the museums. An arrangement and critical discussion of the Pteridophytes and Phanerogams of the region with notes from the author's field book and including descriptions of 163 new species, ix - j- 492 pp. Roy. 8vo, with detailed map. Vol. II. The Influence of Light and Darkness upon Growth and Development, by Dr. D. T. MacDougal, assistant director. An account of the author's extensive researches together with a general consideration of tbe relation of light to plants. The principal morphological features are illustrated, xvi -|- 320 pp. Roy. 8vo, with 176 figures. Contributions from the New York Botanical Garden. A series of technical papers written by students or members of the staff, and reprinted from journals other than above. Price, 25 cents each. $ 5.00 per volume. Vol. I. Inclusive of Nos. 1- 25, vi - f- 400 pp. 35 figures in the text and 34 plates. Vol. II. Nos. 26- 50, vi - f 340 pp. 55 figures in the text and 18 plates. RECENT NUMBERS 25 CENTS EACH. No. 54. Chemical notes on bastard logwood, by B. C. Gruenberg and Dr. W. J. Gies. No. 55. Studies on the Rocky Mountain flora— XI, by Dr. P. A. Rydberg. No. 56. The Polyporaceae of North America— VIII, by Dr. W. A. Murrill. No. 57. Studies in the Asclepiadaceae— VIII. A species oi Asclepias from Kansas and two possible hybrids from New York, by Miss A. M. Vail. All subscriptions and remittances should be sent to NEW YORK BOTANICAL GARDEN BRONX PARK. NW YORK GITY |
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